// Copyright 2015 The Xorm Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package xorm

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"net/url"
	"strconv"
	"strings"

	"github.com/go-xorm/core"
)

// from http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-keywords-appendix.html
var (
	postgresReservedWords = map[string]bool{
		"A":                     true,
		"ABORT":                 true,
		"ABS":                   true,
		"ABSENT":                true,
		"ABSOLUTE":              true,
		"ACCESS":                true,
		"ACCORDING":             true,
		"ACTION":                true,
		"ADA":                   true,
		"ADD":                   true,
		"ADMIN":                 true,
		"AFTER":                 true,
		"AGGREGATE":             true,
		"ALL":                   true,
		"ALLOCATE":              true,
		"ALSO":                  true,
		"ALTER":                 true,
		"ALWAYS":                true,
		"ANALYSE":               true,
		"ANALYZE":               true,
		"AND":                   true,
		"ANY":                   true,
		"ARE":                   true,
		"ARRAY":                 true,
		"ARRAY_AGG":             true,
		"ARRAY_MAX_CARDINALITY": true,
		"AS":                               true,
		"ASC":                              true,
		"ASENSITIVE":                       true,
		"ASSERTION":                        true,
		"ASSIGNMENT":                       true,
		"ASYMMETRIC":                       true,
		"AT":                               true,
		"ATOMIC":                           true,
		"ATTRIBUTE":                        true,
		"ATTRIBUTES":                       true,
		"AUTHORIZATION":                    true,
		"AVG":                              true,
		"BACKWARD":                         true,
		"BASE64":                           true,
		"BEFORE":                           true,
		"BEGIN":                            true,
		"BEGIN_FRAME":                      true,
		"BEGIN_PARTITION":                  true,
		"BERNOULLI":                        true,
		"BETWEEN":                          true,
		"BIGINT":                           true,
		"BINARY":                           true,
		"BIT":                              true,
		"BIT_LENGTH":                       true,
		"BLOB":                             true,
		"BLOCKED":                          true,
		"BOM":                              true,
		"BOOLEAN":                          true,
		"BOTH":                             true,
		"BREADTH":                          true,
		"BY":                               true,
		"C":                                true,
		"CACHE":                            true,
		"CALL":                             true,
		"CALLED":                           true,
		"CARDINALITY":                      true,
		"CASCADE":                          true,
		"CASCADED":                         true,
		"CASE":                             true,
		"CAST":                             true,
		"CATALOG":                          true,
		"CATALOG_NAME":                     true,
		"CEIL":                             true,
		"CEILING":                          true,
		"CHAIN":                            true,
		"CHAR":                             true,
		"CHARACTER":                        true,
		"CHARACTERISTICS":                  true,
		"CHARACTERS":                       true,
		"CHARACTER_LENGTH":                 true,
		"CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG":            true,
		"CHARACTER_SET_NAME":               true,
		"CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA":             true,
		"CHAR_LENGTH":                      true,
		"CHECK":                            true,
		"CHECKPOINT":                       true,
		"CLASS":                            true,
		"CLASS_ORIGIN":                     true,
		"CLOB":                             true,
		"CLOSE":                            true,
		"CLUSTER":                          true,
		"COALESCE":                         true,
		"COBOL":                            true,
		"COLLATE":                          true,
		"COLLATION":                        true,
		"COLLATION_CATALOG":                true,
		"COLLATION_NAME":                   true,
		"COLLATION_SCHEMA":                 true,
		"COLLECT":                          true,
		"COLUMN":                           true,
		"COLUMNS":                          true,
		"COLUMN_NAME":                      true,
		"COMMAND_FUNCTION":                 true,
		"COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE":            true,
		"COMMENT":                          true,
		"COMMENTS":                         true,
		"COMMIT":                           true,
		"COMMITTED":                        true,
		"CONCURRENTLY":                     true,
		"CONDITION":                        true,
		"CONDITION_NUMBER":                 true,
		"CONFIGURATION":                    true,
		"CONNECT":                          true,
		"CONNECTION":                       true,
		"CONNECTION_NAME":                  true,
		"CONSTRAINT":                       true,
		"CONSTRAINTS":                      true,
		"CONSTRAINT_CATALOG":               true,
		"CONSTRAINT_NAME":                  true,
		"CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA":                true,
		"CONSTRUCTOR":                      true,
		"CONTAINS":                         true,
		"CONTENT":                          true,
		"CONTINUE":                         true,
		"CONTROL":                          true,
		"CONVERSION":                       true,
		"CONVERT":                          true,
		"COPY":                             true,
		"CORR":                             true,
		"CORRESPONDING":                    true,
		"COST":                             true,
		"COUNT":                            true,
		"COVAR_POP":                        true,
		"COVAR_SAMP":                       true,
		"CREATE":                           true,
		"CROSS":                            true,
		"CSV":                              true,
		"CUBE":                             true,
		"CUME_DIST":                        true,
		"CURRENT":                          true,
		"CURRENT_CATALOG":                  true,
		"CURRENT_DATE":                     true,
		"CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP":  true,
		"CURRENT_PATH":                     true,
		"CURRENT_ROLE":                     true,
		"CURRENT_ROW":                      true,
		"CURRENT_SCHEMA":                   true,
		"CURRENT_TIME":                     true,
		"CURRENT_TIMESTAMP":                true,
		"CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE": true,
		"CURRENT_USER":                     true,
		"CURSOR":                           true,
		"CURSOR_NAME":                      true,
		"CYCLE":                            true,
		"DATA":                             true,
		"DATABASE":                         true,
		"DATALINK":                         true,
		"DATE":                             true,
		"DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE":      true,
		"DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION": true,
		"DAY":                        true,
		"DB":                         true,
		"DEALLOCATE":                 true,
		"DEC":                        true,
		"DECIMAL":                    true,
		"DECLARE":                    true,
		"DEFAULT":                    true,
		"DEFAULTS":                   true,
		"DEFERRABLE":                 true,
		"DEFERRED":                   true,
		"DEFINED":                    true,
		"DEFINER":                    true,
		"DEGREE":                     true,
		"DELETE":                     true,
		"DELIMITER":                  true,
		"DELIMITERS":                 true,
		"DENSE_RANK":                 true,
		"DEPTH":                      true,
		"DEREF":                      true,
		"DERIVED":                    true,
		"DESC":                       true,
		"DESCRIBE":                   true,
		"DESCRIPTOR":                 true,
		"DETERMINISTIC":              true,
		"DIAGNOSTICS":                true,
		"DICTIONARY":                 true,
		"DISABLE":                    true,
		"DISCARD":                    true,
		"DISCONNECT":                 true,
		"DISPATCH":                   true,
		"DISTINCT":                   true,
		"DLNEWCOPY":                  true,
		"DLPREVIOUSCOPY":             true,
		"DLURLCOMPLETE":              true,
		"DLURLCOMPLETEONLY":          true,
		"DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE":         true,
		"DLURLPATH":                  true,
		"DLURLPATHONLY":              true,
		"DLURLPATHWRITE":             true,
		"DLURLSCHEME":                true,
		"DLURLSERVER":                true,
		"DLVALUE":                    true,
		"DO":                         true,
		"DOCUMENT":                   true,
		"DOMAIN":                     true,
		"DOUBLE":                     true,
		"DROP":                       true,
		"DYNAMIC":                    true,
		"DYNAMIC_FUNCTION":           true,
		"DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE":      true,
		"EACH":                       true,
		"ELEMENT":                    true,
		"ELSE":                       true,
		"EMPTY":                      true,
		"ENABLE":                     true,
		"ENCODING":                   true,
		"ENCRYPTED":                  true,
		"END":                        true,
		"END-EXEC":                   true,
		"END_FRAME":                  true,
		"END_PARTITION":              true,
		"ENFORCED":                   true,
		"ENUM":                       true,
		"EQUALS":                     true,
		"ESCAPE":                     true,
		"EVENT":                      true,
		"EVERY":                      true,
		"EXCEPT":                     true,
		"EXCEPTION":                  true,
		"EXCLUDE":                    true,
		"EXCLUDING":                  true,
		"EXCLUSIVE":                  true,
		"EXEC":                       true,
		"EXECUTE":                    true,
		"EXISTS":                     true,
		"EXP":                        true,
		"EXPLAIN":                    true,
		"EXPRESSION":                 true,
		"EXTENSION":                  true,
		"EXTERNAL":                   true,
		"EXTRACT":                    true,
		"FALSE":                      true,
		"FAMILY":                     true,
		"FETCH":                      true,
		"FILE":                       true,
		"FILTER":                     true,
		"FINAL":                      true,
		"FIRST":                      true,
		"FIRST_VALUE":                true,
		"FLAG":                       true,
		"FLOAT":                      true,
		"FLOOR":                      true,
		"FOLLOWING":                  true,
		"FOR":                        true,
		"FORCE":                      true,
		"FOREIGN":                    true,
		"FORTRAN":                    true,
		"FORWARD":                    true,
		"FOUND":                      true,
		"FRAME_ROW":                  true,
		"FREE":                       true,
		"FREEZE":                     true,
		"FROM":                       true,
		"FS":                         true,
		"FULL":                       true,
		"FUNCTION":                   true,
		"FUNCTIONS":                  true,
		"FUSION":                     true,
		"G":                          true,
		"GENERAL":                    true,
		"GENERATED":                  true,
		"GET":                        true,
		"GLOBAL":                     true,
		"GO":                         true,
		"GOTO":                       true,
		"GRANT":                      true,
		"GRANTED":                    true,
		"GREATEST":                   true,
		"GROUP":                      true,
		"GROUPING":                   true,
		"GROUPS":                     true,
		"HANDLER":                    true,
		"HAVING":                     true,
		"HEADER":                     true,
		"HEX":                        true,
		"HIERARCHY":                  true,
		"HOLD":                       true,
		"HOUR":                       true,
		"ID":                         true,
		"IDENTITY":                   true,
		"IF":                         true,
		"IGNORE":                     true,
		"ILIKE":                      true,
		"IMMEDIATE":                  true,
		"IMMEDIATELY":                true,
		"IMMUTABLE":                  true,
		"IMPLEMENTATION":             true,
		"IMPLICIT":                   true,
		"IMPORT":                     true,
		"IN":                         true,
		"INCLUDING":                  true,
		"INCREMENT":                  true,
		"INDENT":                     true,
		"INDEX":                      true,
		"INDEXES":                    true,
		"INDICATOR":                  true,
		"INHERIT":                    true,
		"INHERITS":                   true,
		"INITIALLY":                  true,
		"INLINE":                     true,
		"INNER":                      true,
		"INOUT":                      true,
		"INPUT":                      true,
		"INSENSITIVE":                true,
		"INSERT":                     true,
		"INSTANCE":                   true,
		"INSTANTIABLE":               true,
		"INSTEAD":                    true,
		"INT":                        true,
		"INTEGER":                    true,
		"INTEGRITY":                  true,
		"INTERSECT":                  true,
		"INTERSECTION":               true,
		"INTERVAL":                   true,
		"INTO":                       true,
		"INVOKER":                    true,
		"IS":                         true,
		"ISNULL":                     true,
		"ISOLATION":                  true,
		"JOIN":                       true,
		"K":                          true,
		"KEY":                        true,
		"KEY_MEMBER":                 true,
		"KEY_TYPE":                   true,
		"LABEL":                      true,
		"LAG":                        true,
		"LANGUAGE":                   true,
		"LARGE":                      true,
		"LAST":                       true,
		"LAST_VALUE":                 true,
		"LATERAL":                    true,
		"LC_COLLATE":                 true,
		"LC_CTYPE":                   true,
		"LEAD":                       true,
		"LEADING":                    true,
		"LEAKPROOF":                  true,
		"LEAST":                      true,
		"LEFT":                       true,
		"LENGTH":                     true,
		"LEVEL":                      true,
		"LIBRARY":                    true,
		"LIKE":                       true,
		"LIKE_REGEX":                 true,
		"LIMIT":                      true,
		"LINK":                       true,
		"LISTEN":                     true,
		"LN":                         true,
		"LOAD":                       true,
		"LOCAL":                      true,
		"LOCALTIME":                  true,
		"LOCALTIMESTAMP":             true,
		"LOCATION":                   true,
		"LOCATOR":                    true,
		"LOCK":                       true,
		"LOWER":                      true,
		"M":                          true,
		"MAP":                        true,
		"MAPPING":                    true,
		"MATCH":                      true,
		"MATCHED":                    true,
		"MATERIALIZED":               true,
		"MAX":                        true,
		"MAXVALUE":                   true,
		"MAX_CARDINALITY":            true,
		"MEMBER":                     true,
		"MERGE":                      true,
		"MESSAGE_LENGTH":             true,
		"MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH":       true,
		"MESSAGE_TEXT":               true,
		"METHOD":                     true,
		"MIN":                        true,
		"MINUTE":                     true,
		"MINVALUE":                   true,
		"MOD":                        true,
		"MODE":                       true,
		"MODIFIES":                   true,
		"MODULE":                     true,
		"MONTH":                      true,
		"MORE":                       true,
		"MOVE":                       true,
		"MULTISET":                   true,
		"MUMPS":                      true,
		"NAME":                       true,
		"NAMES":                      true,
		"NAMESPACE":                  true,
		"NATIONAL":                   true,
		"NATURAL":                    true,
		"NCHAR":                      true,
		"NCLOB":                      true,
		"NESTING":                    true,
		"NEW":                        true,
		"NEXT":                       true,
		"NFC":                        true,
		"NFD":                        true,
		"NFKC":                       true,
		"NFKD":                       true,
		"NIL":                        true,
		"NO":                         true,
		"NONE":                       true,
		"NORMALIZE":                  true,
		"NORMALIZED":                 true,
		"NOT":                        true,
		"NOTHING":                    true,
		"NOTIFY":                     true,
		"NOTNULL":                    true,
		"NOWAIT":                     true,
		"NTH_VALUE":                  true,
		"NTILE":                      true,
		"NULL":                       true,
		"NULLABLE":                   true,
		"NULLIF":                     true,
		"NULLS":                      true,
		"NUMBER":                     true,
		"NUMERIC":                    true,
		"OBJECT":                     true,
		"OCCURRENCES_REGEX":          true,
		"OCTETS":                     true,
		"OCTET_LENGTH":               true,
		"OF":                         true,
		"OFF":                        true,
		"OFFSET":                     true,
		"OIDS":                       true,
		"OLD":                        true,
		"ON":                         true,
		"ONLY":                       true,
		"OPEN":                       true,
		"OPERATOR":                   true,
		"OPTION":                     true,
		"OPTIONS":                    true,
		"OR":                         true,
		"ORDER":                      true,
		"ORDERING":                   true,
		"ORDINALITY":                 true,
		"OTHERS":                     true,
		"OUT":                        true,
		"OUTER":                      true,
		"OUTPUT":                     true,
		"OVER":                       true,
		"OVERLAPS":                   true,
		"OVERLAY":                    true,
		"OVERRIDING":                 true,
		"OWNED":                      true,
		"OWNER":                      true,
		"P":                          true,
		"PAD":                        true,
		"PARAMETER":                  true,
		"PARAMETER_MODE":             true,
		"PARAMETER_NAME":             true,
		"PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION": true,
		"PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG": true,
		"PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME":    true,
		"PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA":  true,
		"PARSER":                     true,
		"PARTIAL":                    true,
		"PARTITION":                  true,
		"PASCAL":                     true,
		"PASSING":                    true,
		"PASSTHROUGH":                true,
		"PASSWORD":                   true,
		"PATH":                       true,
		"PERCENT":                    true,
		"PERCENTILE_CONT":            true,
		"PERCENTILE_DISC":            true,
		"PERCENT_RANK":               true,
		"PERIOD":                     true,
		"PERMISSION":                 true,
		"PLACING":                    true,
		"PLANS":                      true,
		"PLI":                        true,
		"PORTION":                    true,
		"POSITION":                   true,
		"POSITION_REGEX":             true,
		"POWER":                      true,
		"PRECEDES":                   true,
		"PRECEDING":                  true,
		"PRECISION":                  true,
		"PREPARE":                    true,
		"PREPARED":                   true,
		"PRESERVE":                   true,
		"PRIMARY":                    true,
		"PRIOR":                      true,
		"PRIVILEGES":                 true,
		"PROCEDURAL":                 true,
		"PROCEDURE":                  true,
		"PROGRAM":                    true,
		"PUBLIC":                     true,
		"QUOTE":                      true,
		"RANGE":                      true,
		"RANK":                       true,
		"READ":                       true,
		"READS":                      true,
		"REAL":                       true,
		"REASSIGN":                   true,
		"RECHECK":                    true,
		"RECOVERY":                   true,
		"RECURSIVE":                  true,
		"REF":                        true,
		"REFERENCES":                 true,
		"REFERENCING":                true,
		"REFRESH":                    true,
		"REGR_AVGX":                  true,
		"REGR_AVGY":                  true,
		"REGR_COUNT":                 true,
		"REGR_INTERCEPT":             true,
		"REGR_R2":                    true,
		"REGR_SLOPE":                 true,
		"REGR_SXX":                   true,
		"REGR_SXY":                   true,
		"REGR_SYY":                   true,
		"REINDEX":                    true,
		"RELATIVE":                   true,
		"RELEASE":                    true,
		"RENAME":                     true,
		"REPEATABLE":                 true,
		"REPLACE":                    true,
		"REPLICA":                    true,
		"REQUIRING":                  true,
		"RESET":                      true,
		"RESPECT":                    true,
		"RESTART":                    true,
		"RESTORE":                    true,
		"RESTRICT":                   true,
		"RESULT":                     true,
		"RETURN":                     true,
		"RETURNED_CARDINALITY":       true,
		"RETURNED_LENGTH":            true,
		"RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH":      true,
		"RETURNED_SQLSTATE":          true,
		"RETURNING":                  true,
		"RETURNS":                    true,
		"REVOKE":                     true,
		"RIGHT":                      true,
		"ROLE":                       true,
		"ROLLBACK":                   true,
		"ROLLUP":                     true,
		"ROUTINE":                    true,
		"ROUTINE_CATALOG":            true,
		"ROUTINE_NAME":               true,
		"ROUTINE_SCHEMA":             true,
		"ROW":                        true,
		"ROWS":                       true,
		"ROW_COUNT":                  true,
		"ROW_NUMBER":                 true,
		"RULE":                       true,
		"SAVEPOINT":                  true,
		"SCALE":                      true,
		"SCHEMA":                     true,
		"SCHEMA_NAME":                true,
		"SCOPE":                      true,
		"SCOPE_CATALOG":              true,
		"SCOPE_NAME":                 true,
		"SCOPE_SCHEMA":               true,
		"SCROLL":                     true,
		"SEARCH":                     true,
		"SECOND":                     true,
		"SECTION":                    true,
		"SECURITY":                   true,
		"SELECT":                     true,
		"SELECTIVE":                  true,
		"SELF":                       true,
		"SENSITIVE":                  true,
		"SEQUENCE":                   true,
		"SEQUENCES":                  true,
		"SERIALIZABLE":               true,
		"SERVER":                     true,
		"SERVER_NAME":                true,
		"SESSION":                    true,
		"SESSION_USER":               true,
		"SET":                        true,
		"SETOF":                      true,
		"SETS":                       true,
		"SHARE":                      true,
		"SHOW":                       true,
		"SIMILAR":                    true,
		"SIMPLE":                     true,
		"SIZE":                       true,
		"SMALLINT":                   true,
		"SNAPSHOT":                   true,
		"SOME":                       true,
		"SOURCE":                     true,
		"SPACE":                      true,
		"SPECIFIC":                   true,
		"SPECIFICTYPE":               true,
		"SPECIFIC_NAME":              true,
		"SQL":                        true,
		"SQLCODE":                    true,
		"SQLERROR":                   true,
		"SQLEXCEPTION":               true,
		"SQLSTATE":                   true,
		"SQLWARNING":                 true,
		"SQRT":                       true,
		"STABLE":                     true,
		"STANDALONE":                 true,
		"START":                      true,
		"STATE":                      true,
		"STATEMENT":                  true,
		"STATIC":                     true,
		"STATISTICS":                 true,
		"STDDEV_POP":                 true,
		"STDDEV_SAMP":                true,
		"STDIN":                      true,
		"STDOUT":                     true,
		"STORAGE":                    true,
		"STRICT":                     true,
		"STRIP":                      true,
		"STRUCTURE":                  true,
		"STYLE":                      true,
		"SUBCLASS_ORIGIN":            true,
		"SUBMULTISET":                true,
		"SUBSTRING":                  true,
		"SUBSTRING_REGEX":            true,
		"SUCCEEDS":                   true,
		"SUM":                        true,
		"SYMMETRIC":                  true,
		"SYSID":                      true,
		"SYSTEM":                     true,
		"SYSTEM_TIME":                true,
		"SYSTEM_USER":                true,
		"T":                          true,
		"TABLE":                      true,
		"TABLES":                     true,
		"TABLESAMPLE":                true,
		"TABLESPACE":                 true,
		"TABLE_NAME":                 true,
		"TEMP":                       true,
		"TEMPLATE":                   true,
		"TEMPORARY":                  true,
		"TEXT":                       true,
		"THEN":                       true,
		"TIES":                       true,
		"TIME":                       true,
		"TIMESTAMP":                  true,
		"TIMEZONE_HOUR":              true,
		"TIMEZONE_MINUTE":            true,
		"TO":                         true,
		"TOKEN":                      true,
		"TOP_LEVEL_COUNT":            true,
		"TRAILING":                   true,
		"TRANSACTION":                true,
		"TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED":     true,
		"TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK":   true,
		"TRANSACTION_ACTIVE":         true,
		"TRANSFORM":                  true,
		"TRANSFORMS":                 true,
		"TRANSLATE":                  true,
		"TRANSLATE_REGEX":            true,
		"TRANSLATION":                true,
		"TREAT":                      true,
		"TRIGGER":                    true,
		"TRIGGER_CATALOG":            true,
		"TRIGGER_NAME":               true,
		"TRIGGER_SCHEMA":             true,
		"TRIM":                       true,
		"TRIM_ARRAY":                 true,
		"TRUE":                       true,
		"TRUNCATE":                   true,
		"TRUSTED":                    true,
		"TYPE":                       true,
		"TYPES":                      true,
		"UESCAPE":                    true,
		"UNBOUNDED":                  true,
		"UNCOMMITTED":                true,
		"UNDER":                      true,
		"UNENCRYPTED":                true,
		"UNION":                      true,
		"UNIQUE":                     true,
		"UNKNOWN":                    true,
		"UNLINK":                     true,
		"UNLISTEN":                   true,
		"UNLOGGED":                   true,
		"UNNAMED":                    true,
		"UNNEST":                     true,
		"UNTIL":                      true,
		"UNTYPED":                    true,
		"UPDATE":                     true,
		"UPPER":                      true,
		"URI":                        true,
		"USAGE":                      true,
		"USER":                       true,
		"USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG": true,
		"USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE":    true,
		"USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME":    true,
		"USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA":  true,
		"USING":                     true,
		"VACUUM":                    true,
		"VALID":                     true,
		"VALIDATE":                  true,
		"VALIDATOR":                 true,
		"VALUE":                     true,
		"VALUES":                    true,
		"VALUE_OF":                  true,
		"VARBINARY":                 true,
		"VARCHAR":                   true,
		"VARIADIC":                  true,
		"VARYING":                   true,
		"VAR_POP":                   true,
		"VAR_SAMP":                  true,
		"VERBOSE":                   true,
		"VERSION":                   true,
		"VERSIONING":                true,
		"VIEW":                      true,
		"VOLATILE":                  true,
		"WHEN":                      true,
		"WHENEVER":                  true,
		"WHERE":                     true,
		"WHITESPACE":                true,
		"WIDTH_BUCKET":              true,
		"WINDOW":                    true,
		"WITH":                      true,
		"WITHIN":                    true,
		"WITHOUT":                   true,
		"WORK":                      true,
		"WRAPPER":                   true,
		"WRITE":                     true,
		"XML":                       true,
		"XMLAGG":                    true,
		"XMLATTRIBUTES":             true,
		"XMLBINARY":                 true,
		"XMLCAST":                   true,
		"XMLCOMMENT":                true,
		"XMLCONCAT":                 true,
		"XMLDECLARATION":            true,
		"XMLDOCUMENT":               true,
		"XMLELEMENT":                true,
		"XMLEXISTS":                 true,
		"XMLFOREST":                 true,
		"XMLITERATE":                true,
		"XMLNAMESPACES":             true,
		"XMLPARSE":                  true,
		"XMLPI":                     true,
		"XMLQUERY":                  true,
		"XMLROOT":                   true,
		"XMLSCHEMA":                 true,
		"XMLSERIALIZE":              true,
		"XMLTABLE":                  true,
		"XMLTEXT":                   true,
		"XMLVALIDATE":               true,
		"YEAR":                      true,
		"YES":                       true,
		"ZONE":                      true,
	}

	// DefaultPostgresSchema default postgres schema
	DefaultPostgresSchema = "public"
)

const postgresPublicSchema = "public"

type postgres struct {
	core.Base
}

func (db *postgres) Init(d *core.DB, uri *core.Uri, drivername, dataSourceName string) error {
	err := db.Base.Init(d, db, uri, drivername, dataSourceName)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if db.Schema == "" {
		db.Schema = DefaultPostgresSchema
	}
	return nil
}

func (db *postgres) SqlType(c *core.Column) string {
	var res string
	switch t := c.SQLType.Name; t {
	case core.TinyInt:
		res = core.SmallInt
		return res
	case core.Bit:
		res = core.Boolean
		return res
	case core.MediumInt, core.Int, core.Integer:
		if c.IsAutoIncrement {
			return core.Serial
		}
		return core.Integer
	case core.BigInt:
		if c.IsAutoIncrement {
			return core.BigSerial
		}
		return core.BigInt
	case core.Serial, core.BigSerial:
		c.IsAutoIncrement = true
		c.Nullable = false
		res = t
	case core.Binary, core.VarBinary:
		return core.Bytea
	case core.DateTime:
		res = core.TimeStamp
	case core.TimeStampz:
		return "timestamp with time zone"
	case core.Float:
		res = core.Real
	case core.TinyText, core.MediumText, core.LongText:
		res = core.Text
	case core.NVarchar:
		res = core.Varchar
	case core.Uuid:
		res = core.Uuid
	case core.Blob, core.TinyBlob, core.MediumBlob, core.LongBlob:
		return core.Bytea
	case core.Double:
		return "DOUBLE PRECISION"
	default:
		if c.IsAutoIncrement {
			return core.Serial
		}
		res = t
	}

	hasLen1 := (c.Length > 0)
	hasLen2 := (c.Length2 > 0)

	if hasLen2 {
		res += "(" + strconv.Itoa(c.Length) + "," + strconv.Itoa(c.Length2) + ")"
	} else if hasLen1 {
		res += "(" + strconv.Itoa(c.Length) + ")"
	}
	return res
}

func (db *postgres) SupportInsertMany() bool {
	return true
}

func (db *postgres) IsReserved(name string) bool {
	_, ok := postgresReservedWords[name]
	return ok
}

func (db *postgres) Quote(name string) string {
	name = strings.Replace(name, ".", `"."`, -1)
	return "\"" + name + "\""
}

func (db *postgres) QuoteStr() string {
	return "\""
}

func (db *postgres) AutoIncrStr() string {
	return ""
}

func (db *postgres) SupportEngine() bool {
	return false
}

func (db *postgres) SupportCharset() bool {
	return false
}

func (db *postgres) IndexOnTable() bool {
	return false
}

func (db *postgres) IndexCheckSql(tableName, idxName string) (string, []interface{}) {
	if len(db.Schema) == 0 {
		args := []interface{}{tableName, idxName}
		return `SELECT indexname FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename = ? AND indexname = ?`, args
	}

	args := []interface{}{db.Schema, tableName, idxName}
	return `SELECT indexname FROM pg_indexes ` +
		`WHERE schemaname = ? AND tablename = ? AND indexname = ?`, args
}

func (db *postgres) TableCheckSql(tableName string) (string, []interface{}) {
	if len(db.Schema) == 0 {
		args := []interface{}{tableName}
		return `SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables WHERE tablename = ?`, args
	}

	args := []interface{}{db.Schema, tableName}
	return `SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables WHERE schemaname = ? AND tablename = ?`, args
}

func (db *postgres) ModifyColumnSql(tableName string, col *core.Column) string {
	if len(db.Schema) == 0 {
		return fmt.Sprintf("alter table %s ALTER COLUMN %s TYPE %s",
			tableName, col.Name, db.SqlType(col))
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("alter table %s.%s ALTER COLUMN %s TYPE %s",
		db.Schema, tableName, col.Name, db.SqlType(col))
}

func (db *postgres) DropIndexSql(tableName string, index *core.Index) string {
	quote := db.Quote
	idxName := index.Name

	tableName = strings.Replace(tableName, `"`, "", -1)
	tableName = strings.Replace(tableName, `.`, "_", -1)

	if !strings.HasPrefix(idxName, "UQE_") &&
		!strings.HasPrefix(idxName, "IDX_") {
		if index.Type == core.UniqueType {
			idxName = fmt.Sprintf("UQE_%v_%v", tableName, index.Name)
		} else {
			idxName = fmt.Sprintf("IDX_%v_%v", tableName, index.Name)
		}
	}
	if db.Uri.Schema != "" {
		idxName = db.Uri.Schema + "." + idxName
	}
	return fmt.Sprintf("DROP INDEX %v", quote(idxName))
}

func (db *postgres) IsColumnExist(tableName, colName string) (bool, error) {
	args := []interface{}{db.Schema, tableName, colName}
	query := "SELECT column_name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_schema = $1 AND table_name = $2" +
		" AND column_name = $3"
	if len(db.Schema) == 0 {
		args = []interface{}{tableName, colName}
		query = "SELECT column_name FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE table_name = $1" +
			" AND column_name = $2"
	}
	db.LogSQL(query, args)

	rows, err := db.DB().Query(query, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	return rows.Next(), nil
}

func (db *postgres) GetColumns(tableName string) ([]string, map[string]*core.Column, error) {
	args := []interface{}{tableName}
	s := `SELECT column_name, column_default, is_nullable, data_type, character_maximum_length, numeric_precision, numeric_precision_radix ,
    CASE WHEN p.contype = 'p' THEN true ELSE false END AS primarykey,
    CASE WHEN p.contype = 'u' THEN true ELSE false END AS uniquekey
FROM pg_attribute f
    JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = f.attrelid JOIN pg_type t ON t.oid = f.atttypid
    LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON d.adrelid = c.oid AND d.adnum = f.attnum
    LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace
    LEFT JOIN pg_constraint p ON p.conrelid = c.oid AND f.attnum = ANY (p.conkey)
    LEFT JOIN pg_class AS g ON p.confrelid = g.oid
    LEFT JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS s ON s.column_name=f.attname AND c.relname=s.table_name
WHERE c.relkind = 'r'::char AND c.relname = $1%s AND f.attnum > 0 ORDER BY f.attnum;`

	var f string
	if len(db.Schema) != 0 {
		args = append(args, db.Schema)
		f = " AND s.table_schema = $2"
	}
	s = fmt.Sprintf(s, f)

	db.LogSQL(s, args)

	rows, err := db.DB().Query(s, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	cols := make(map[string]*core.Column)
	colSeq := make([]string, 0)

	for rows.Next() {
		col := new(core.Column)
		col.Indexes = make(map[string]int)

		var colName, isNullable, dataType string
		var maxLenStr, colDefault, numPrecision, numRadix *string
		var isPK, isUnique bool
		err = rows.Scan(&colName, &colDefault, &isNullable, &dataType, &maxLenStr, &numPrecision, &numRadix, &isPK, &isUnique)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, nil, err
		}

		//fmt.Println(args, colName, isNullable, dataType, maxLenStr, colDefault, numPrecision, numRadix, isPK, isUnique)
		var maxLen int
		if maxLenStr != nil {
			maxLen, err = strconv.Atoi(*maxLenStr)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
		}

		col.Name = strings.Trim(colName, `" `)

		if colDefault != nil || isPK {
			if isPK {
				col.IsPrimaryKey = true
			} else {
				col.Default = *colDefault
			}
		}

		if colDefault != nil && strings.HasPrefix(*colDefault, "nextval(") {
			col.IsAutoIncrement = true
		}

		col.Nullable = (isNullable == "YES")

		switch dataType {
		case "character varying", "character":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.Varchar, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "timestamp without time zone":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.DateTime, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "timestamp with time zone":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.TimeStampz, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "double precision":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.Double, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "boolean":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.Bool, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "time without time zone":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.Time, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		case "oid":
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: core.BigInt, DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		default:
			col.SQLType = core.SQLType{Name: strings.ToUpper(dataType), DefaultLength: 0, DefaultLength2: 0}
		}
		if _, ok := core.SqlTypes[col.SQLType.Name]; !ok {
			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("Unknown colType: %v", dataType)
		}

		col.Length = maxLen

		if col.SQLType.IsText() || col.SQLType.IsTime() {
			if col.Default != "" {
				col.Default = "'" + col.Default + "'"
			} else {
				if col.DefaultIsEmpty {
					col.Default = "''"
				}
			}
		}
		cols[col.Name] = col
		colSeq = append(colSeq, col.Name)
	}

	return colSeq, cols, nil
}

func (db *postgres) GetTables() ([]*core.Table, error) {
	args := []interface{}{}
	s := "SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables"
	if len(db.Schema) != 0 {
		args = append(args, db.Schema)
		s = s + " WHERE schemaname = $1"
	}

	db.LogSQL(s, args)

	rows, err := db.DB().Query(s, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	tables := make([]*core.Table, 0)
	for rows.Next() {
		table := core.NewEmptyTable()
		var name string
		err = rows.Scan(&name)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		table.Name = name
		tables = append(tables, table)
	}
	return tables, nil
}

func (db *postgres) GetIndexes(tableName string) (map[string]*core.Index, error) {
	args := []interface{}{tableName}
	s := fmt.Sprintf("SELECT indexname, indexdef FROM pg_indexes WHERE tablename=$1")
	if len(db.Schema) != 0 {
		args = append(args, db.Schema)
		s = s + " AND schemaname=$2"
	}
	db.LogSQL(s, args)

	rows, err := db.DB().Query(s, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	indexes := make(map[string]*core.Index, 0)
	for rows.Next() {
		var indexType int
		var indexName, indexdef string
		var colNames []string
		err = rows.Scan(&indexName, &indexdef)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		indexName = strings.Trim(indexName, `" `)
		if strings.HasSuffix(indexName, "_pkey") {
			continue
		}
		if strings.HasPrefix(indexdef, "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX") {
			indexType = core.UniqueType
		} else {
			indexType = core.IndexType
		}
		cs := strings.Split(indexdef, "(")
		colNames = strings.Split(cs[1][0:len(cs[1])-1], ",")
		var isRegular bool
		if strings.HasPrefix(indexName, "IDX_"+tableName) || strings.HasPrefix(indexName, "UQE_"+tableName) {
			newIdxName := indexName[5+len(tableName):]
			isRegular = true
			if newIdxName != "" {
				indexName = newIdxName
			}
		}

		index := &core.Index{Name: indexName, Type: indexType, Cols: make([]string, 0)}
		for _, colName := range colNames {
			index.Cols = append(index.Cols, strings.Trim(colName, `" `))
		}
		index.IsRegular = isRegular
		indexes[index.Name] = index
	}
	return indexes, nil
}

func (db *postgres) Filters() []core.Filter {
	return []core.Filter{&core.IdFilter{}, &core.QuoteFilter{}, &core.SeqFilter{Prefix: "$", Start: 1}}
}

type pqDriver struct {
}

type values map[string]string

func (vs values) Set(k, v string) {
	vs[k] = v
}

func (vs values) Get(k string) (v string) {
	return vs[k]
}

func parseURL(connstr string) (string, error) {
	u, err := url.Parse(connstr)
	if err != nil {
		return "", err
	}

	if u.Scheme != "postgresql" && u.Scheme != "postgres" {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid connection protocol: %s", u.Scheme)
	}

	escaper := strings.NewReplacer(` `, `\ `, `'`, `\'`, `\`, `\\`)

	if u.Path != "" {
		return escaper.Replace(u.Path[1:]), nil
	}

	return "", nil
}

func parseOpts(name string, o values) error {
	if len(name) == 0 {
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid options: %s", name)
	}

	name = strings.TrimSpace(name)

	ps := strings.Split(name, " ")
	for _, p := range ps {
		kv := strings.Split(p, "=")
		if len(kv) < 2 {
			return fmt.Errorf("invalid option: %q", p)
		}
		o.Set(kv[0], kv[1])
	}

	return nil
}

func (p *pqDriver) Parse(driverName, dataSourceName string) (*core.Uri, error) {
	db := &core.Uri{DbType: core.POSTGRES}
	var err error

	if strings.HasPrefix(dataSourceName, "postgresql://") || strings.HasPrefix(dataSourceName, "postgres://") {
		db.DbName, err = parseURL(dataSourceName)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	} else {
		o := make(values)
		err = parseOpts(dataSourceName, o)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		db.DbName = o.Get("dbname")
	}

	if db.DbName == "" {
		return nil, errors.New("dbname is empty")
	}

	return db, nil
}

type pqDriverPgx struct {
	pqDriver
}

func (pgx *pqDriverPgx) Parse(driverName, dataSourceName string) (*core.Uri, error) {
	// Remove the leading characters for driver to work
	if len(dataSourceName) >= 9 && dataSourceName[0] == 0 {
		dataSourceName = dataSourceName[9:]
	}
	return pgx.pqDriver.Parse(driverName, dataSourceName)
}
