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#pragma once

// This is for M_PI on Windows.
#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <math.h>

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

#include <pdal/Filter.hpp>
#include <Eigen/Dense>

namespace pdal
{
  class TriangularMesh;

  /** \brief Returns if a point X is visible from point R (or the origin)
    * when taking into account the segment between the points S1 and S2
    * \param X 2D coordinate of the point
    * \param S1 2D coordinate of the segment's first point
    * \param S2 2D coordinate of the segment's secont point
    * \param R 2D coorddinate of the reference point (defaults to 0,0)
    * \ingroup surface
    */
  inline bool
  isVisible (const Eigen::Vector2d &X, const Eigen::Vector2d &S1,
      const Eigen::Vector2d &S2,
      const Eigen::Vector2d &R = Eigen::Vector2d::Zero ())
  {
    double a0 = S1[1] - S2[1];
    double b0 = S2[0] - S1[0];
    double c0 = S1[0]*S2[1] - S2[0]*S1[1];
    double a1 = -X[1];
    double b1 = X[0];
    double c1 = 0;
    if (R != Eigen::Vector2d::Zero())
    {
      a1 += R[1];
      b1 -= R[0];
      c1 = R[0]*X[1] - X[0]*R[1];
    }
    double div = a0*b1 - b0*a1;
    double x = (b0*c1 - b1*c0) / div;
    double y = (a1*c0 - a0*c1) / div;

    bool intersection_outside_XR;
    if (R == Eigen::Vector2d::Zero())
    {
      if (X[0] > 0)
        intersection_outside_XR = (x <= 0) || (x >= X[0]);
      else if (X[0] < 0)
        intersection_outside_XR = (x >= 0) || (x <= X[0]);
      else if (X[1] > 0)
        intersection_outside_XR = (y <= 0) || (y >= X[1]);
      else if (X[1] < 0)
        intersection_outside_XR = (y >= 0) || (y <= X[1]);
      else
        intersection_outside_XR = true;
    }
    else
    {
      if (X[0] > R[0])
        intersection_outside_XR = (x <= R[0]) || (x >= X[0]);
      else if (X[0] < R[0])
        intersection_outside_XR = (x >= R[0]) || (x <= X[0]);
      else if (X[1] > R[1])
        intersection_outside_XR = (y <= R[1]) || (y >= X[1]);
      else if (X[1] < R[1])
        intersection_outside_XR = (y >= R[1]) || (y <= X[1]);
      else
        intersection_outside_XR = true;
    }
    if (intersection_outside_XR)
      return true;
    else
    {
      if (S1[0] > S2[0])
        return (x <= S2[0]) || (x >= S1[0]);
      else if (S1[0] < S2[0])
        return (x >= S2[0]) || (x <= S1[0]);
      else if (S1[1] > S2[1])
        return (y <= S2[1]) || (y >= S1[1]);
      else if (S1[1] < S2[1])
        return (y >= S2[1]) || (y <= S1[1]);
      else
        return false;
    }
  }

  /** \brief GreedyProjectionTriangulation is an implementation of a greedy triangulation algorithm for 3D points
    * based on local 2D projections. It assumes locally smooth surfaces and relatively smooth transitions between
    * areas with different point densities.
    * \author Zoltan Csaba Marton
    * \ingroup surface
    */
  class PDAL_DLL GreedyProjection : public Filter
  {
    public:

      enum class GP3Type
      {
        NONE = -1,    // not-defined
        FREE = 0,
        FRINGE = 1,
        BOUNDARY = 2,
        COMPLETED = 3
      };

      /** \brief Empty constructor. */
      GreedyProjection () :
        mu_ (0),
        search_radius_ (0), // must be set by user
        nnn_ (100),
        minimum_angle_ (M_PI/18), // 10 degrees
        maximum_angle_ (2*M_PI/3), // 120 degrees
        eps_angle_(M_PI/4), //45 degrees,
        consistent_(false),
        consistent_ordering_ (false),
        angles_ (),
        R_ (),
        state_ (),
        source_ (),
        ffn_ (),
        sfn_ (),
        part_ (),
        fringe_queue_ (),
        is_current_free_ (false),
        current_index_ (),
        prev_is_ffn_ (false),
        prev_is_sfn_ (false),
        next_is_ffn_ (false),
        next_is_sfn_ (false),
        changed_1st_fn_ (false),
        changed_2nd_fn_ (false),
        new2boundary_ (),
        already_connected_ (false),
        proj_qp_ (),
        u_ (),
        v_ (),
        uvn_ffn_ (),
        uvn_sfn_ (),
        uvn_next_ffn_ (),
        uvn_next_sfn_ (),
        tmp_ (),
        view_(nullptr),
        mesh_(nullptr)
      {};

      std::string getName() const;

      /** \brief Don't consider points for triangulation if their normal deviates more than this value from the query point's normal.
        * \param[in] eps_angle maximum surface angle
        * \note As normal estimation methods usually give smooth transitions at sharp edges, this ensures correct triangulation
        *       by avoiding connecting points from one side to points from the other through forcing the use of the edge points.
        */
      inline void
      setMaximumSurfaceAngle (double eps_angle) { eps_angle_ = eps_angle; }

      /** \brief Get the maximum surface angle. */
      inline double
      getMaximumSurfaceAngle () const { return (eps_angle_); }

      /** \brief Set the flag if the input normals are oriented consistently.
        * \param[in] consistent set it to true if the normals are
           consistently oriented
        */
      inline void
      setNormalConsistency (bool consistent) { consistent_ = consistent; }

      /** \brief Get the flag for consistently oriented normals. */
      inline bool
      getNormalConsistency () const { return (consistent_); }

      /** \brief Set the flag to order the resulting triangle vertices
          consistently (positive direction around normal).
        * @note Assumes consistently oriented normals (towards the viewpoint)
          -- see setNormalConsistency ()
        * \param[in] consistent_ordering set it to true if triangle
          vertices should be ordered consistently
        */
      inline void
      setConsistentVertexOrdering (bool consistent_ordering) { consistent_ordering_ = consistent_ordering; }

      /** \brief Get the flag signaling consistently ordered triangle vertices. */
      inline bool
      getConsistentVertexOrdering () const { return (consistent_ordering_); }

      /** \brief Get the state of each point after reconstruction.
        * \note Options are defined as constants: FREE, FRINGE, COMPLETED, BOUNDARY and NONE
        */

    protected:
      /** \brief The nearest neighbor distance multiplier to obtain the
          final search radius.
      */
      double mu_;

      /** \brief Nearest neighbors search radius for each point and
          the maximum edge length.
      */
      double search_radius_;

      /** \brief  Maximum number of nearest neighbors accepted by searching. */
      int nnn_;

      /** \brief The preferred minimum angle for the triangles. */
      double minimum_angle_;

      /** \brief The maximum angle for the triangles. */
      double maximum_angle_;

      /** \brief Maximum surface angle. */
      double eps_angle_;

      /** \brief Set this to true if the normals of the input are
          consistently oriented.
      */
      bool consistent_;

      /** \brief Set this to true if the output triangle vertices should
          be consistently oriented.
      */
      bool consistent_ordering_;

     private:
      /** \brief Struct for storing the angles to nearest neighbors **/
      struct nnAngle
      {
        double angle;
        PointId index;
        int nnIndex;
        bool visible;
      };

      /** \brief Struct for storing the edges starting from a fringe point **/
      struct doubleEdge
      {
        doubleEdge () : index (0), first (), second () {}
        PointId index;
        Eigen::Vector2d first;
        Eigen::Vector2d second;
      };

      // Variables made global to decrease the number of parameters to helper functions

      /** \brief A list of angles to neighbors **/
      std::vector<nnAngle> angles_;
      /** \brief Index of the current query point **/
      PointId R_;
      /** \brief List of point states **/
      std::vector<GP3Type> state_;
      /** \brief List of sources **/
      std::vector<PointId> source_;
      /** \brief List of fringe neighbors in one direction **/
      std::vector<PointId> ffn_;
      /** \brief List of fringe neighbors in other direction **/
      std::vector<PointId> sfn_;
      /** \brief Connected component labels for each point **/
      std::vector<PointId> part_;
      /** \brief Points on the outer edge from which the mesh is grown **/
      std::vector<PointId> fringe_queue_;

      /** \brief Flag to set if the current point is free **/
      bool is_current_free_;
      /** \brief Current point's index **/
      PointId current_index_;
      /** \brief Flag set if the previous point is the first fringe neighbor **/
      bool prev_is_ffn_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the next point is the second fringe neighbor **/
      bool prev_is_sfn_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the next point is the first fringe neighbor **/
      bool next_is_ffn_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the next point is the second fringe neighbor **/
      bool next_is_sfn_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the first fringe neighbor was changed **/
      bool changed_1st_fn_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the second fringe neighbor was changed **/
      bool changed_2nd_fn_;
      /** \brief New boundary point **/
      PointId new2boundary_;
      /** \brief Flag to set if the next neighbor was already connected in the previous step.
        * To avoid inconsistency it should not be connected again.
        */
      bool already_connected_;

      /** \brief Point coordinates projected onto the plane defined by the point normal **/
      Eigen::Vector3d proj_qp_;
      /** \brief First coordinate vector of the 2D coordinate frame **/
      Eigen::Vector3d u_;
      /** \brief Second coordinate vector of the 2D coordinate frame **/
      Eigen::Vector3d v_;
      /** \brief 2D coordinates of the first fringe neighbor **/
      Eigen::Vector2d uvn_ffn_;
      /** \brief 2D coordinates of the second fringe neighbor **/
      Eigen::Vector2d uvn_sfn_;
      /** \brief 2D coordinates of the 1st fringe neighbor of the next point **/
      Eigen::Vector2d uvn_next_ffn_;
      /** \brief 2D coordinates of the 2nd fringe neighbor of the next point **/
      Eigen::Vector2d uvn_next_sfn_;
      /** \brief Temporary variable to store 3 coordiantes **/
      Eigen::Vector3d tmp_;
      /** \brief Pointer to current point view. **/
      PointView *view_;
      /** \brief Pointer to the mesh we're creating. **/
      TriangularMesh *mesh_;

      /** \brief Forms a new triangle by connecting the current neighbor to the query point
        * and the previous neighbor
        * \param[in] prev_index index of the previous point
        * \param[in] next_index index of the next point
        * \param[in] next_next_index index of the point after the next one
        * \param[in] uvn_current 2D coordinate of the current point
        * \param[in] uvn_prev 2D coordinates of the previous point
        * \param[in] uvn_next 2D coordinates of the next point
        */
      void
      connectPoint (PointId prev_index,
                    PointId next_index,
                    PointId next_next_index,
                    const Eigen::Vector2d &uvn_current,
                    const Eigen::Vector2d &uvn_prev,
                    const Eigen::Vector2d &uvn_next);

      /** \brief Whenever a query point is part of a boundary loop containing 3 points, that triangle is created
        * (called if angle constraints make it possible)
        * \param[out] polygons the polygon mesh to be updated
        */
      void closeTriangle();

      /** \brief Get the list of containing triangles for each vertex in a PolygonMesh
        * \param[in] polygonMesh the input polygon mesh
        */
      /**
      std::vector<std::vector<size_t> >
      getTriangleList (const pcl::PolygonMesh &input);
      **/

      /** \brief Add a new triangle to the current polygon mesh
        * \param[in] a index of the first vertex
        * \param[in] b index of the second vertex
        * \param[in] c index of the third vertex
        */

      /**
      inline void
      addTriangle (PointId a, PointId b, PointId c)
      {
        triangle_.vertices.resize (3);
        if (consistent_ordering_)
        {
          const PointInT p = input_->at (indices_->at (a));
          const Eigen::Vector3f pv = p.getVector3fMap ();
          if (p.getNormalVector3fMap ().dot (
                (pv - input_->at (indices_->at (b)).getVector3fMap ()).cross (
                 pv - input_->at (indices_->at (c)).getVector3fMap ()) ) > 0)
          {
            triangle_.vertices[0] = a;
            triangle_.vertices[1] = b;
            triangle_.vertices[2] = c;
          }
          else
          {
            triangle_.vertices[0] = a;
            triangle_.vertices[1] = c;
            triangle_.vertices[2] = b;
          }
        }
        else
        {
          triangle_.vertices[0] = a;
          triangle_.vertices[1] = b;
          triangle_.vertices[2] = c;
        }
        polygons.push_back (triangle_);
      }
**/

      /** \brief Add a new vertex to the advancing edge front and set its source point
        * \param[in] v index of the vertex that was connected
        * \param[in] s index of the source point
        */
      inline void
      addFringePoint (int v, int s)
      {
        source_[v] = s;
        part_[v] = part_[s];
        fringe_queue_.push_back(v);
      }

      bool stateSet(PointId idx)
      {
          return state_[idx] != GP3Type::NONE && state_[idx] != GP3Type::FREE;
      }

      void addArgs(ProgramArgs& args);
      void addDimensions(PointLayoutPtr layout);
      void initialize();
      void filter(PointView& view);
      void addTriangle(PointId a, PointId b, PointId c);
      Eigen::Vector3d getCoord(PointId id);
      Eigen::Vector3d getNormalCoord(PointId id);
  };

} // namespace pdal

