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MOD Modulus Operation

Section: Mathematical Functions

# Usage

Computes the modulus of an array. The syntax for its use is

       y = mod(x,n)

where `x` is matrix, and `n` is the base of the modulus. The effect of the `mod` operator is to add or subtract multiples of `n` to the vector `x` so that each element `x_i` is between `0` and `n` (strictly). Note that `n` does not have to be an integer. Also, `n` can either be a scalar (same base for all elements of `x`), or a vector (different base for each element of `x`).

Note that the following are defined behaviors:

1. `mod(x,0) = x`@
2. `mod(x,x) = 0`@
3. `mod(x,n)`@ has the same sign as `n` for all other cases.

# Example

The following examples show some uses of `mod` arrays.

    --> mod(18,12)

    ans =
     6

    --> mod(6,5)

    ans =
     1

    --> mod(2*pi,pi)

    ans =
     0

Here is an example of using `mod` to determine if integers are even or odd:

    --> mod([1,3,5,2],2)

    ans =
     1 1 1 0

Here we use the second form of `mod`, with each element using a separate base.

    --> mod([9 3 2 0],[1 0 2 2])

    ans =
     0 3 0 0