Kodi (简体中文)
Kodi is a free, open source (GPL) multimedia player that originally ran on the first-generation XBox, (not the newer Xbox 360), and now runs on devices running Linux, Mac OS X, Windows, Android and iOS. Kodi can be used to play/view the most popular video, audio, and picture formats, and many more lesser-known formats, including:
- Video - DVD-Video, VCD/SVCD, MPEG-1/2/4, DivX, XviD, Matroska
- Audio - MP3, AAC.
- Picture - JPG, GIF, PNG.
These can all be played directly from a CD/DVD, or from the hard-drive. Kodi can also play multimedia from a computer over a local network (LAN), or play media streams directly from the Internet. For more information, see the Kodi FAQ.
As of version 12, it can also be used to play and record live TV using a tuner, a backend server and a PVR plugin; more information about this can be found on the Kodi wiki.
Contents
- 1 安装
- 2 配置
-
3 提示和技巧
- 3.1 Fixing the Wunderground Weather Add-on
- 3.2 Fullscreen mode stretches Kodi across multiple displays
- 3.3 Video tearing on Intel HD Graphics
- 3.4 Slowing down CD/DVD drive speed
- 3.5 Use port 80 for webserver
- 3.6 使用 ALSA
- 3.7 Soft subtitles not displaying
- 3.8 H.264 playback is using only a single core
- 3.9 Raspberry Pi
- 4 参阅
安装
Install the kodi package. Be sure to install the optional dependencies listed by pacman that apply to your specific use-case.
配置
Autostarting at boot or ondemand
The kodi package supplies a stand-alone wrapper script /usr/bin/kodi-standalone
that allows a minimal system to run the application without a full blown DE. There are several methods to enable it described below.
Kodi-standalone-service
The kodi-standalone-serviceAUR package provides kodi.service
and creates the needed user to run Kodi in standalone mode. This is a drop-in replacement of the package-legacy systemd service and post install script which Arch developers have removed from the package when the Xorg package updated to 1.16-1 (see this commit). Functionally, there is no difference.
Start kodi.service
and enable it to run at boot time.
Xsession with LightDM
/etc/X11/Xwrapper.config
needs_root_rights = yes
To use LightDM with automatic login, see LightDM#Enabling autologin. Kodi includes kodi.desktop
as xsession.
/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
[LightDM] minimum-vt=1 run-directory=/run/lightdm [Seat:*] session-wrapper=/etc/lightdm/Xsession pam-service=lightdm-autologin autologin-user=kodi autologin-user-timeout=0 user-session=kodi
Socket activation
Socket activation can be used to start Kodi when the user starts a remote control app or on a connection to Kodi's html control port. Start listening with systemctl start kodi@user.socket (replace user with the user running Kodi to be started as). Depending on the setup, the port in kodi@.socket might need to be changed.
/etc/systemd/system/kodi@.service
[Unit] Description=Launch Kodi on main display [Service] Type=oneshot Environment=DISPLAY=:0.0 Nice=-1 ExecStart=/usr/bin/su %i /usr/bin/kodi ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/bash -c "sleep 15 && systemctl start kodi@%i.socket" [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
/etc/systemd/system/kodi@.socket
[Unit] Conflicts=kodi@%i.service [Socket] # listen for WOL packets #ListenDatagram=9 # change this to Kodi's http control port ListenStream=8082 [Install] WantedBy=sockets.target
Sharing a database across multiple nodes
One can easily configure Kodi to share a single media library (video and music). The advantage of this is that key metadata are stored in one place, and are shared/updated by all nodes on the network. For example, users of this setup can:
- Stop watching a movie or show in one room then finish watching it in another room automatically.
- Share watched and unwatched status for media on all nodes.
- Simplify the setup with only a single library to maintain.
Several key things are needed for this to work:
- Network exposed media (via protocols that Kodi can read, e.g. NFS or Samba).
- A MySQL server.
These assumptions are used for the guide, substitute to reflect your setup:
- The media is located under following mount points:
/mnt/tv-shows
/mnt/movies
/mnt/music
. - The network addresses of all nodes are within the 192.168.0.* subnet range.
- The user wishes to use NFSv4 exports.
- The IP address of the machine running both the NFS exports and the MySQL database is 192.168.0.105.
- Each Kodi box is referred to as a node.
- The Linux user running Kodi is 'kodi' on all nodes.
For additional info, refer to the official Kodi wiki.
Setup an NFS server
This section provides an example using NFS exports (NFSv4), but as mentioned above, any protocol that Kodi can read is acceptable.
The NFS server is provided by nfs-utils and this only needs to be installed on the box serving up the content.
Setup the shares:
# mkdir -p /srv/nfs/{tv-shows,movies,music} # mount --bind /mnt/tv-shows /srv/nfs/tv-shows # mount --bind /mnt/movies /srv/nfs/movies # mount --bind /mnt/music /srv/nfs/music
Add the corresponding entries for these bind mounts to /etc/fstab
:
... /mnt/tv-shows /srv/nfs/tv-shows none bind 0 0 /mnt/movies /srv/nfs/movies none bind 0 0 /mnt/music /srv/nfs/music none bind 0 0
Share the content in /etc/exports
:
/srv/nfs 192.168.0.0/24(ro,fsid=0,no_subtree_check) /srv/nfs/tv-shows 192.168.0.0/24(ro,no_subtree_check,insecure) /srv/nfs/movies 192.168.0.0/24(ro,no_subtree_check,insecure) /srv/nfs/music 192.168.0.0/24(ro,no_subtree_check,insecure)
Whenever changes are made to /etc/exports
, always refresh the exports:
# exportfs -rav
Start rpcbind.service
and nfs-server.service
and enable them to start automatically.
Optionally check with:
# showmount -e localhost Export list for localhost: /srv/nfs/tv-shows 192.168.0.0/24 /srv/nfs/movies 192.168.0.0/24 /srv/nfs/music 192.168.0.0/24
Install and setup the MySQL server
The box running the library needs to be available 24/7 and is commonly the same box that holds the media.
The MySQL server is provided by mariadb and this only needs to be installed on one box that all nodes can access.
Start mysqld.service
and enable it to run at boot time.
First time setup:
# mysql_secure_installation <<follow the in-script prompts and answer "Y" to all the questions>> $ mysql -u root -p <<enter the mysqld root password assigned in the first step>> MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'kodi' IDENTIFIED BY 'kodi'; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'kodi'; MariaDB [(none)]> \q
No other setup to the MySQL server should be needed.
Setup Kodi to use the MySQL library and the NFS exports
Since this example makes use of NFS shares, an optional dependency of Kodi is now required to access them. Ensure that each of the Kodi nodes has libnfs installed.
Setup Kodi to use the common MySQL database
To tell Kodi to use the common database, insure that Kodi is not running, then create the following file:
~/.kodi/userdata/advancedsettings.xml
<advancedsettings> <videodatabase> <type>mysql</type> <host>192.168.0.105</host> <port>3306</port> <user>kodi</user> <pass>kodi</pass> </videodatabase> <musicdatabase> <type>mysql</type> <host>192.168.0.105</host> <port>3306</port> <user>kodi</user> <pass>kodi</pass> </musicdatabase> <videolibrary> <importwatchedstate>true</importwatchedstate> <importresumepoint>true</importresumepoint> </videolibrary> </advancedsettings>
Load Kodi and define the network shares that correspond to the exports by browsing to the following within the interface:
Video>Files>Add Videos>Browse>Network Filesystem(NFS)
After a few seconds, the IP address corresponding to the NFS server should appear.
Select "/srv/nfs/tv-shows" from the list of share and then "OK" from the menu on the right. Assign this share the category of "TV Shows" to setup the appropriate scraper and to populate the MySQL database with the correct metadata.
Repeat this browsing process for the "movies" and "music" and then exit Kodi once properly configured. At this point, the MySQL tables should have been created.
Cloning the configuration to other nodes on the network
Setting up another Kodi node on the network to use this library is trivial. Simply copy ~/.kodi/userdata/advancedsettings.xml
to that box and restart Kodi.
Using a remote control
As Kodi is geared toward being a remote-controlled media center; any PC with a supported IR receiver/remote, can use remote using LIRC or using the native kernel supported modules. To work properly with Kodi, a file will be required that maps the lirc events to Kodi keypresses. Create an XML file at ~/.kodi/userdata/Lircmap.xml
(note the capital 'L').
Lircmap.xml format is as follows:
<lircmap> <remote device="devicename"> <XBMC_button>LIRC_button</XBMC_button> ... </remote> </lircmap>
- Device Name is whatever LIRC calls the remote. This is set using the Name directive in lircd.conf and can be viewed by running
$ irw
and pressing a few buttons on the remote. IRW will report the name of the button pressed and the name of the remote will appear on the end of the line.
- XBMC_button is the name of the button as defined in keymap.xml.
- LIRC_button is the name as defined in
lircd.conf
. If lircd.conf was autogenerated using# irrecord
, these are the names selected for the buttons. Refer back to LIRC for more information.
- A very thorough Lircmap.xml page over at the Kodi Wiki should be consulted for more help and information on this subject as this is out of scope of this article.
MCE remote with Lirc and Systemd
Install lirc and link the mce config:
# ln -s /usr/share/lirc/mceusb/lircd.conf.mceusb /etc/lirc/lircd.conf
Then, make sure the remote is using the lirc protocol:
$ cat /sys/class/rc/rc0/protocols
If not, issue:
# echo lirc > /sys/class/rc/rc0/protocols
A udev rule can be added to make lirc the default. A write rule does not seem to work, so a simple RUN command can be executed instead.
/etc/udev/rules.d/99-lirc.rules
KERNEL=="rc*", SUBSYSTEM=="rc", ATTR{protocols}=="*lirc*", RUN+="/bin/sh -c 'echo lirc > $sys$devpath/protocols'"
Finally, enable and start lirc.socket
.
This should give a fully working mce remote.
HDMI-CEC with Pulse Eight USB-CEC
An elegant way of getting remote functions in Kodi is using CEC, a protocol that is part of the HDMI specification. Most modern TVs support CEC, although some manufacturers advertise the feature under other names. Apart from a CEC-enabled TV some hardware that takes the CEC signals coming from the TV and present them in a way that Kodi can understand is also needed. One such device is the USB-CEC adapter from Pulse Eight. Hooking up the USB-CEC is pretty simple, but in order for it to work in Arch we have to do a few things.
Install libcec
.
When connected, the USB-CEC's /dev
entry (usually /dev/ttyACM*
) will default to being owned by the uucp
group, so in order to use the device the user running Kodi needs to belong to that group. The user also needs to belong to the lock
group, otherwise Kodi will be unable to connect to the device. To add a user to both groups, run
# usermod -aG uucp,lock [username]
If more than one user uses Kodi, repeat the command for all those users. If, for example, one is using kodi-standalone
, the relevant command is
# usermod -aG uucp,lock kodi
Remember that modifying the groups of any logged in users means those users need to log out and login again in order for the changes to take effect.
提示和技巧
Fixing the Wunderground Weather Add-on
The wunderground now requires users to have an API key in order to receive weather data. An API key is available free of charge for kodi users. To obtain a key, and to configure the add-on follow these steps:
- Sign up for an API key at wunderground's automated system.
- Format the key for kodi's wunderground.py script (it expects the key to be reversed and base64 encoded, see below).
- Enter the formatted key into WAIK variable in
~/.kodi/addons/weather.wunderground/resources/lib/wunderground.py
To reverse and base64 encode the API key, run this two-liner using your own API key in the "key" variable.
$ key=9cc49125b91eb85a $ echo $key|rev|base64 YTU4YmUxOWI1MjE5NGNjOQo=
For this example key, the first few lines of ~/.kodi/addons/weather.wunderground/resources/lib/wunderground.py
would look like this:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import urllib2, gzip, base64 from StringIO import StringIO WAIK = 'YTU4YmUxOWI1MjE5NGNjOQo='
Fullscreen mode stretches Kodi across multiple displays
For a multi-monitor setup, Kodi may default to stretching across all screens. One can restrict the fullscreen mode to one display by setting the environment variable SDL_VIDEO_FULLSCREEN_HEAD to the number of the desired target display. For example, having Kodi show up on display 0, add the following line to the Kodi user's ~/.bashrc
configuration:
SDL_VIDEO_FULLSCREEN_HEAD=0
Video tearing on Intel HD Graphics
Users observing tearing when watching a movie try this: https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?id=176651
Slowing down CD/DVD drive speed
The eject
program from the util-linux
package does a nice job for this, but its setting is cleared as soon as the media is changed.
This udev-rule reduces the speed permanently:
/etc/udev/rules.d/dvd-speed.rules
KERNEL=="sr0", ACTION=="change", ENV{DISK_MEDIA_CHANGE}=="1", RUN+="/usr/bin/eject -x 2 /dev/sr0"
Replace sr0
with the device name of the optical drive. Replace -x 2
with -x 4
if the preference is 4x-speed instead of 2x-speed.
After creating the file, reload the udev rules with
# udevadm control --reload
Use port 80 for webserver
Kodi has a webservice that allows interaction through a web-interface. By default, it uses port 8080
as 80
requires root privileges. Use the following to permit it to use low port numbers:
# setcap 'cap_net_bind_service=+ep' /usr/lib/kodi/kodi.bin
Restart kodi.service
and set port 80
in the configuration menu (Services->Webserver->Port).
使用 ALSA
If PulseAudio does not work properly, try using ALSA directly by starting Kodi with the AE_SINK=ALSA
environment variable.
Soft subtitles not displaying
The ffmpeg package is used to extract the subtitles.
H.264 playback is using only a single core
If your setup doesn't or can't make use of hardware acceleration, disable it and explicitly set video decoding to software.
This is because H.264 decoding is only multithreaded when video decoding is set to software.
To achieve this, go to System Settings
and then to Video
. Set the settings level
to Advanced
or Expert
and go to Acceleration
.
There, set Decoding method
to software
.
Raspberry Pi
Kodi runs smoothly on both the Raspberry Pi (RPi) and the RPi 2. Some helpful tips to consider:
- Install the kodi-rbp package instead of kodi from the Arch Linux ARM repository.
- This package ships with a systemd service to run in standalone mode.
- The memory reserved for GPU is 64 MB by default. This is insufficient for GPU accelerated HD video playback. Users can increase this value via a simple edit to the
gpu_mem
tag in/boot/config.txt
. A value of at least 128 MB is recommended. - Install omxplayer-git, xorg-xrefresh and xorg-xset to get hardware acceleration working.
- Add the udev rule
SUBSYSTEM=="tty", KERNEL=="tty0", GROUP="tty", MODE="0666"
to/etc/udev/rules.d/raspberrypi.rules
to enable typing with a physical keyboard.
参阅
- Kodi Wiki - Excellent resource with much information about Arch Linux specifically
- http://superrepo.org/ - xbmc插件库
- http://www.hdpfans.com/thread-329076-1-1.html - Kodi/xbmc中文插件库安装方法
- https://github.com/taxigps/xbmc-addons-chinese - xbmc-addons-chinese