from sympy import (
    Abs, acos, Add, atan, Basic, binomial, besselsimp, collect,cos, cosh, cot,
    coth, count_ops, Derivative, diff, E, Eq, erf, exp, exp_polar, expand,
    expand_multinomial, factor, factorial, Float, fraction, Function,
    gamma, GoldenRatio, hyper, hypersimp, I, Integral, integrate, log,
    logcombine, Matrix, MatrixSymbol, Mul, nsimplify, O, oo, pi, Piecewise,
    posify, rad, Rational, root, S, separatevars, signsimp, simplify,
    sin, sinh, solve, sqrt, Symbol, symbols, sympify, tan, tanh, zoo,
    Sum, Lt, sign)
from sympy.core.mul import _keep_coeff
from sympy.simplify.simplify import nthroot
from sympy.utilities.pytest import XFAIL, slow
from sympy.core.compatibility import range

from sympy.abc import x, y, z, t, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k


def test_issue_7263():
    assert abs((simplify(30.8**2 - 82.5**2 * sin(rad(11.6))**2)).evalf() - \
            673.447451402970) < 1e-12


@XFAIL
def test_factorial_simplify():
    # There are more tests in test_factorials.py. These are just to
    # ensure that simplify() calls factorial_simplify correctly
    from sympy.specfun.factorials import factorial
    x = Symbol('x')
    assert simplify(factorial(x)/x) == factorial(x - 1)
    assert simplify(factorial(factorial(x))) == factorial(factorial(x))


def test_simplify_expr():
    x, y, z, k, n, m, w, f, s, A = symbols('x,y,z,k,n,m,w,f,s,A')

    assert all(simplify(tmp) == tmp for tmp in [I, E, oo, x, -x, -oo, -E, -I])

    e = 1/x + 1/y
    assert e != (x + y)/(x*y)
    assert simplify(e) == (x + y)/(x*y)

    e = A**2*s**4/(4*pi*k*m**3)
    assert simplify(e) == e

    e = (4 + 4*x - 2*(2 + 2*x))/(2 + 2*x)
    assert simplify(e) == 0

    e = (-4*x*y**2 - 2*y**3 - 2*x**2*y)/(x + y)**2
    assert simplify(e) == -2*y

    e = -x - y - (x + y)**(-1)*y**2 + (x + y)**(-1)*x**2
    assert simplify(e) == -2*y

    e = (x + x*y)/x
    assert simplify(e) == 1 + y

    e = (f(x) + y*f(x))/f(x)
    assert simplify(e) == 1 + y

    e = (2 * (1/n - cos(n * pi)/n))/pi
    assert simplify(e) == (-cos(pi*n) + 1)/(pi*n)*2

    e = integrate(1/(x**3 + 1), x).diff(x)
    assert simplify(e) == 1/(x**3 + 1)

    e = integrate(x/(x**2 + 3*x + 1), x).diff(x)
    assert simplify(e) == x/(x**2 + 3*x + 1)

    A = Matrix([[2*k - m*w**2, -k], [-k, k - m*w**2]]).inv()
    assert simplify((A*Matrix([0, f]))[1]) == \
        -f*(2*k - m*w**2)/(k**2 - (k - m*w**2)*(2*k - m*w**2))

    f = -x + y/(z + t) + z*x/(z + t) + z*a/(z + t) + t*x/(z + t)
    assert simplify(f) == (y + a*z)/(z + t)

    A, B = symbols('A,B', commutative=False)

    assert simplify(A*B - B*A) == A*B - B*A
    assert simplify(A/(1 + y/x)) == x*A/(x + y)
    assert simplify(A*(1/x + 1/y)) == A/x + A/y  #(x + y)*A/(x*y)

    assert simplify(log(2) + log(3)) == log(6)
    assert simplify(log(2*x) - log(2)) == log(x)

    assert simplify(hyper([], [], x)) == exp(x)


def test_issue_3557():
    f_1 = x*a + y*b + z*c - 1
    f_2 = x*d + y*e + z*f - 1
    f_3 = x*g + y*h + z*i - 1

    solutions = solve([f_1, f_2, f_3], x, y, z, simplify=False)

    assert simplify(solutions[y]) == \
        (a*i + c*d + f*g - a*f - c*g - d*i)/ \
        (a*e*i + b*f*g + c*d*h - a*f*h - b*d*i - c*e*g)


def test_simplify_other():
    assert simplify(sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2) == 1
    assert simplify(gamma(x + 1)/gamma(x)) == x
    assert simplify(sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2 + factorial(x)/gamma(x)) == 1 + x
    assert simplify(
        Eq(sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2, factorial(x)/gamma(x))) == Eq(x, 1)
    nc = symbols('nc', commutative=False)
    assert simplify(x + x*nc) == x*(1 + nc)
    # issue 6123
    # f = exp(-I*(k*sqrt(t) + x/(2*sqrt(t)))**2)
    # ans = integrate(f, (k, -oo, oo), conds='none')
    ans = I*(-pi*x*exp(-3*I*pi/4 + I*x**2/(4*t))*erf(x*exp(-3*I*pi/4)/
        (2*sqrt(t)))/(2*sqrt(t)) + pi*x*exp(-3*I*pi/4 + I*x**2/(4*t))/
        (2*sqrt(t)))*exp(-I*x**2/(4*t))/(sqrt(pi)*x) - I*sqrt(pi) * \
        (-erf(x*exp(I*pi/4)/(2*sqrt(t))) + 1)*exp(I*pi/4)/(2*sqrt(t))
    assert simplify(ans) == -(-1)**(S(3)/4)*sqrt(pi)/sqrt(t)
    # issue 6370
    assert simplify(2**(2 + x)/4) == 2**x


def test_simplify_complex():
    cosAsExp = cos(x)._eval_rewrite_as_exp(x)
    tanAsExp = tan(x)._eval_rewrite_as_exp(x)
    assert simplify(cosAsExp*tanAsExp).expand() == (
        sin(x))._eval_rewrite_as_exp(x).expand()  # issue 4341


def test_simplify_ratio():
    # roots of x**3-3*x+5
    roots = ['(1/2 - sqrt(3)*I/2)*(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3) + 1/((1/2 - '
             'sqrt(3)*I/2)*(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3))',
             '1/((1/2 + sqrt(3)*I/2)*(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3)) + '
             '(1/2 + sqrt(3)*I/2)*(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3)',
             '-(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3) - 1/(sqrt(21)/2 + 5/2)**(1/3)']

    for r in roots:
        r = S(r)
        assert count_ops(simplify(r, ratio=1)) <= count_ops(r)
        # If ratio=oo, simplify() is always applied:
        assert simplify(r, ratio=oo) is not r


def test_simplify_measure():
    measure1 = lambda expr: len(str(expr))
    measure2 = lambda expr: -count_ops(expr)
                                       # Return the most complicated result
    expr = (x + 1)/(x + sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2)
    assert measure1(simplify(expr, measure=measure1)) <= measure1(expr)
    assert measure2(simplify(expr, measure=measure2)) <= measure2(expr)

    expr2 = Eq(sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2, 1)
    assert measure1(simplify(expr2, measure=measure1)) <= measure1(expr2)
    assert measure2(simplify(expr2, measure=measure2)) <= measure2(expr2)


def test_simplify_issue_1308():
    assert simplify(exp(-Rational(1, 2)) + exp(-Rational(3, 2))) == \
        (1 + E)*exp(-Rational(3, 2))


def test_issue_5652():
    assert simplify(E + exp(-E)) == exp(-E) + E
    n = symbols('n', commutative=False)
    assert simplify(n + n**(-n)) == n + n**(-n)


def test_simplify_fail1():
    x = Symbol('x')
    y = Symbol('y')
    e = (x + y)**2/(-4*x*y**2 - 2*y**3 - 2*x**2*y)
    assert simplify(e) == 1 / (-2*y)


def test_nthroot():
    assert nthroot(90 + 34*sqrt(7), 3) == sqrt(7) + 3
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) - 2*sqrt(3) + sqrt(6) + sqrt(7)
    assert nthroot(expand_multinomial(q**3), 3) == q
    assert nthroot(41 + 29*sqrt(2), 5) == 1 + sqrt(2)
    assert nthroot(-41 - 29*sqrt(2), 5) == -1 - sqrt(2)
    expr = 1320*sqrt(10) + 4216 + 2576*sqrt(6) + 1640*sqrt(15)
    assert nthroot(expr, 5) == 1 + sqrt(6) + sqrt(15)
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) + sqrt(3) + sqrt(5)
    assert expand_multinomial(nthroot(expand_multinomial(q**5), 5)) == q
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) + 7*sqrt(6) + 2*sqrt(10)
    assert nthroot(expand_multinomial(q**5), 5, 8) == q
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) - 2*sqrt(3) + 1171*sqrt(6)
    assert nthroot(expand_multinomial(q**3), 3) == q
    assert nthroot(expand_multinomial(q**6), 6) == q


@slow
def test_nthroot1():
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) + sqrt(3) + S(1)/10**20
    p = expand_multinomial(q**5)
    assert nthroot(p, 5) == q
    q = 1 + sqrt(2) + sqrt(3) + S(1)/10**30
    p = expand_multinomial(q**5)
    assert nthroot(p, 5) == q


def test_separatevars():
    x, y, z, n = symbols('x,y,z,n')
    assert separatevars(2*n*x*z + 2*x*y*z) == 2*x*z*(n + y)
    assert separatevars(x*z + x*y*z) == x*z*(1 + y)
    assert separatevars(pi*x*z + pi*x*y*z) == pi*x*z*(1 + y)
    assert separatevars(x*y**2*sin(x) + x*sin(x)*sin(y)) == \
        x*(sin(y) + y**2)*sin(x)
    assert separatevars(x*exp(x + y) + x*exp(x)) == x*(1 + exp(y))*exp(x)
    assert separatevars((x*(y + 1))**z).is_Pow  # != x**z*(1 + y)**z
    assert separatevars(1 + x + y + x*y) == (x + 1)*(y + 1)
    assert separatevars(y/pi*exp(-(z - x)/cos(n))) == \
        y*exp(x/cos(n))*exp(-z/cos(n))/pi
    assert separatevars((x + y)*(x - y) + y**2 + 2*x + 1) == (x + 1)**2
    # issue 4858
    p = Symbol('p', positive=True)
    assert separatevars(sqrt(p**2 + x*p**2)) == p*sqrt(1 + x)
    assert separatevars(sqrt(y*(p**2 + x*p**2))) == p*sqrt(y*(1 + x))
    assert separatevars(sqrt(y*(p**2 + x*p**2)), force=True) == \
        p*sqrt(y)*sqrt(1 + x)
    # issue 4865
    assert separatevars(sqrt(x*y)).is_Pow
    assert separatevars(sqrt(x*y), force=True) == sqrt(x)*sqrt(y)
    # issue 4957
    # any type sequence for symbols is fine
    assert separatevars(((2*x + 2)*y), dict=True, symbols=()) == \
        {'coeff': 1, x: 2*x + 2, y: y}
    # separable
    assert separatevars(((2*x + 2)*y), dict=True, symbols=[x]) == \
        {'coeff': y, x: 2*x + 2}
    assert separatevars(((2*x + 2)*y), dict=True, symbols=[]) == \
        {'coeff': 1, x: 2*x + 2, y: y}
    assert separatevars(((2*x + 2)*y), dict=True) == \
        {'coeff': 1, x: 2*x + 2, y: y}
    assert separatevars(((2*x + 2)*y), dict=True, symbols=None) == \
        {'coeff': y*(2*x + 2)}
    # not separable
    assert separatevars(3, dict=True) is None
    assert separatevars(2*x + y, dict=True, symbols=()) is None
    assert separatevars(2*x + y, dict=True) is None
    assert separatevars(2*x + y, dict=True, symbols=None) == {'coeff': 2*x + y}
    # issue 4808
    n, m = symbols('n,m', commutative=False)
    assert separatevars(m + n*m) == (1 + n)*m
    assert separatevars(x + x*n) == x*(1 + n)
    # issue 4910
    f = Function('f')
    assert separatevars(f(x) + x*f(x)) == f(x) + x*f(x)
    # a noncommutable object present
    eq = x*(1 + hyper((), (), y*z))
    assert separatevars(eq) == eq


def test_separatevars_advanced_factor():
    x, y, z = symbols('x,y,z')
    assert separatevars(1 + log(x)*log(y) + log(x) + log(y)) == \
        (log(x) + 1)*(log(y) + 1)
    assert separatevars(1 + x - log(z) - x*log(z) - exp(y)*log(z) -
        x*exp(y)*log(z) + x*exp(y) + exp(y)) == \
        -((x + 1)*(log(z) - 1)*(exp(y) + 1))
    x, y = symbols('x,y', positive=True)
    assert separatevars(1 + log(x**log(y)) + log(x*y)) == \
        (log(x) + 1)*(log(y) + 1)


def test_hypersimp():
    n, k = symbols('n,k', integer=True)

    assert hypersimp(factorial(k), k) == k + 1
    assert hypersimp(factorial(k**2), k) is None

    assert hypersimp(1/factorial(k), k) == 1/(k + 1)

    assert hypersimp(2**k/factorial(k)**2, k) == 2/(k + 1)**2

    assert hypersimp(binomial(n, k), k) == (n - k)/(k + 1)
    assert hypersimp(binomial(n + 1, k), k) == (n - k + 1)/(k + 1)

    term = (4*k + 1)*factorial(k)/factorial(2*k + 1)
    assert hypersimp(term, k) == (S(1)/2)*((4*k + 5)/(3 + 14*k + 8*k**2))

    term = 1/((2*k - 1)*factorial(2*k + 1))
    assert hypersimp(term, k) == (k - S(1)/2)/((k + 1)*(2*k + 1)*(2*k + 3))

    term = binomial(n, k)*(-1)**k/factorial(k)
    assert hypersimp(term, k) == (k - n)/(k + 1)**2


def test_nsimplify():
    x = Symbol("x")
    assert nsimplify(0) == 0
    assert nsimplify(-1) == -1
    assert nsimplify(1) == 1
    assert nsimplify(1 + x) == 1 + x
    assert nsimplify(2.7) == Rational(27, 10)
    assert nsimplify(1 - GoldenRatio) == (1 - sqrt(5))/2
    assert nsimplify((1 + sqrt(5))/4, [GoldenRatio]) == GoldenRatio/2
    assert nsimplify(2/GoldenRatio, [GoldenRatio]) == 2*GoldenRatio - 2
    assert nsimplify(exp(5*pi*I/3, evaluate=False)) == \
        sympify('1/2 - sqrt(3)*I/2')
    assert nsimplify(sin(3*pi/5, evaluate=False)) == \
        sympify('sqrt(sqrt(5)/8 + 5/8)')
    assert nsimplify(sqrt(atan('1', evaluate=False))*(2 + I), [pi]) == \
        sqrt(pi) + sqrt(pi)/2*I
    assert nsimplify(2 + exp(2*atan('1/4')*I)) == sympify('49/17 + 8*I/17')
    assert nsimplify(pi, tolerance=0.01) == Rational(22, 7)
    assert nsimplify(pi, tolerance=0.001) == Rational(355, 113)
    assert nsimplify(0.33333, tolerance=1e-4) == Rational(1, 3)
    assert nsimplify(2.0**(1/3.), tolerance=0.001) == Rational(635, 504)
    assert nsimplify(2.0**(1/3.), tolerance=0.001, full=True) == \
        2**Rational(1, 3)
    assert nsimplify(x + .5, rational=True) == Rational(1, 2) + x
    assert nsimplify(1/.3 + x, rational=True) == Rational(10, 3) + x
    assert nsimplify(log(3).n(), rational=True) == \
        sympify('109861228866811/100000000000000')
    assert nsimplify(Float(0.272198261287950), [pi, log(2)]) == pi*log(2)/8
    assert nsimplify(Float(0.272198261287950).n(3), [pi, log(2)]) == \
        -pi/4 - log(2) + S(7)/4
    assert nsimplify(x/7.0) == x/7
    assert nsimplify(pi/1e2) == pi/100
    assert nsimplify(pi/1e2, rational=False) == pi/100.0
    assert nsimplify(pi/1e-7) == 10000000*pi
    assert not nsimplify(
        factor(-3.0*z**2*(z**2)**(-2.5) + 3*(z**2)**(-1.5))).atoms(Float)
    e = x**0.0
    assert e.is_Pow and nsimplify(x**0.0) == 1
    assert nsimplify(3.333333, tolerance=0.1, rational=True) == Rational(10, 3)
    assert nsimplify(3.333333, tolerance=0.01, rational=True) == Rational(10, 3)
    assert nsimplify(3.666666, tolerance=0.1, rational=True) == Rational(11, 3)
    assert nsimplify(3.666666, tolerance=0.01, rational=True) == Rational(11, 3)
    assert nsimplify(33, tolerance=10, rational=True) == Rational(33)
    assert nsimplify(33.33, tolerance=10, rational=True) == Rational(30)
    assert nsimplify(37.76, tolerance=10, rational=True) == Rational(40)
    assert nsimplify(-203.1) == -S(2031)/10
    assert nsimplify(.2, tolerance=0) == S.One/5
    assert nsimplify(-.2, tolerance=0) == -S.One/5
    assert nsimplify(.2222, tolerance=0) == S(1111)/5000
    assert nsimplify(-.2222, tolerance=0) == -S(1111)/5000
    # issue 7211, PR 4112
    assert nsimplify(S(2e-8)) == S(1)/50000000
    # issue 7322 direct test
    assert nsimplify(1e-42, rational=True) != 0
    # issue 10336
    inf = Float('inf')
    infs = (-oo, oo, inf, -inf)
    for i in infs:
        ans = sign(i)*oo
        assert nsimplify(i) == ans
        assert nsimplify(i + x) == x + ans


def test_issue_9448():
    tmp = sympify("1/(1 - (-1)**(2/3) - (-1)**(1/3)) + 1/(1 + (-1)**(2/3) + (-1)**(1/3))")
    assert nsimplify(tmp) == S(1)/2


def test_extract_minus_sign():
    x = Symbol("x")
    y = Symbol("y")
    a = Symbol("a")
    b = Symbol("b")
    assert simplify(-x/-y) == x/y
    assert simplify(-x/y) == -x/y
    assert simplify(x/y) == x/y
    assert simplify(x/-y) == -x/y
    assert simplify(-x/0) == zoo*x
    assert simplify(S(-5)/0) == zoo
    assert simplify(-a*x/(-y - b)) == a*x/(b + y)


def test_diff():
    x = Symbol("x")
    y = Symbol("y")
    f = Function("f")
    g = Function("g")
    assert simplify(g(x).diff(x)*f(x).diff(x) - f(x).diff(x)*g(x).diff(x)) == 0
    assert simplify(2*f(x)*f(x).diff(x) - diff(f(x)**2, x)) == 0
    assert simplify(diff(1/f(x), x) + f(x).diff(x)/f(x)**2) == 0
    assert simplify(f(x).diff(x, y) - f(x).diff(y, x)) == 0


def test_logcombine_1():
    x, y = symbols("x,y")
    a = Symbol("a")
    z, w = symbols("z,w", positive=True)
    b = Symbol("b", real=True)
    assert logcombine(log(x) + 2*log(y)) == log(x) + 2*log(y)
    assert logcombine(log(x) + 2*log(y), force=True) == log(x*y**2)
    assert logcombine(a*log(w) + log(z)) == a*log(w) + log(z)
    assert logcombine(b*log(z) + b*log(x)) == log(z**b) + b*log(x)
    assert logcombine(b*log(z) - log(w)) == log(z**b/w)
    assert logcombine(log(x)*log(z)) == log(x)*log(z)
    assert logcombine(log(w)*log(x)) == log(w)*log(x)
    assert logcombine(cos(-2*log(z) + b*log(w))) in [cos(log(w**b/z**2)),
                                                   cos(log(z**2/w**b))]
    assert logcombine(log(log(x) - log(y)) - log(z), force=True) == \
        log(log(x/y)/z)
    assert logcombine((2 + I)*log(x), force=True) == (2 + I)*log(x)
    assert logcombine((x**2 + log(x) - log(y))/(x*y), force=True) == \
        (x**2 + log(x/y))/(x*y)
    # the following could also give log(z*x**log(y**2)), what we
    # are testing is that a canonical result is obtained
    assert logcombine(log(x)*2*log(y) + log(z), force=True) == \
        log(z*y**log(x**2))
    assert logcombine((x*y + sqrt(x**4 + y**4) + log(x) - log(y))/(pi*x**Rational(2, 3)*
            sqrt(y)**3), force=True) == (
            x*y + sqrt(x**4 + y**4) + log(x/y))/(pi*x**(S(2)/3)*y**(S(3)/2))
    assert logcombine(gamma(-log(x/y))*acos(-log(x/y)), force=True) == \
        acos(-log(x/y))*gamma(-log(x/y))

    assert logcombine(2*log(z)*log(w)*log(x) + log(z) + log(w)) == \
        log(z**log(w**2))*log(x) + log(w*z)
    assert logcombine(3*log(w) + 3*log(z)) == log(w**3*z**3)
    assert logcombine(x*(y + 1) + log(2) + log(3)) == x*(y + 1) + log(6)
    assert logcombine((x + y)*log(w) + (-x - y)*log(3)) == (x + y)*log(w/3)


def test_logcombine_complex_coeff():
    i = Integral((sin(x**2) + cos(x**3))/x, x)
    assert logcombine(i, force=True) == i
    assert logcombine(i + 2*log(x), force=True) == \
        i + log(x**2)


def test_posify():
    from sympy.abc import x

    assert str(posify(
        x +
        Symbol('p', positive=True) +
        Symbol('n', negative=True))) == '(_x + n + p, {_x: x})'

    eq, rep = posify(1/x)
    assert log(eq).expand().subs(rep) == -log(x)
    assert str(posify([x, 1 + x])) == '([_x, _x + 1], {_x: x})'

    x = symbols('x')
    p = symbols('p', positive=True)
    n = symbols('n', negative=True)
    orig = [x, n, p]
    modified, reps = posify(orig)
    assert str(modified) == '[_x, n, p]'
    assert [w.subs(reps) for w in modified] == orig

    assert str(Integral(posify(1/x + y)[0], (y, 1, 3)).expand()) == \
        'Integral(1/_x, (y, 1, 3)) + Integral(_y, (y, 1, 3))'
    assert str(Sum(posify(1/x**n)[0], (n,1,3)).expand()) == \
        'Sum(_x**(-n), (n, 1, 3))'


def test_issue_4194():
    # simplify should call cancel
    from sympy.abc import x, y
    f = Function('f')
    assert simplify((4*x + 6*f(y))/(2*x + 3*f(y))) == 2


@XFAIL
def test_simplify_float_vs_integer():
    # Test for issue 4473:
    # https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/4473
    assert simplify(x**2.0 - x**2) == 0
    assert simplify(x**2 - x**2.0) == 0


def test_as_content_primitive():
    assert (x/2 + y).as_content_primitive() == (S.Half, x + 2*y)
    assert (x/2 + y).as_content_primitive(clear=False) == (S.One, x/2 + y)
    assert (y*(x/2 + y)).as_content_primitive() == (S.Half, y*(x + 2*y))
    assert (y*(x/2 + y)).as_content_primitive(clear=False) == (S.One, y*(x/2 + y))

    # although the _as_content_primitive methods do not alter the underlying structure,
    # the as_content_primitive function will touch up the expression and join
    # bases that would otherwise have not been joined.
    assert ((x*(2 + 2*x)*(3*x + 3)**2)).as_content_primitive() == \
        (18, x*(x + 1)**3)
    assert (2 + 2*x + 2*y*(3 + 3*y)).as_content_primitive() == \
        (2, x + 3*y*(y + 1) + 1)
    assert ((2 + 6*x)**2).as_content_primitive() == \
        (4, (3*x + 1)**2)
    assert ((2 + 6*x)**(2*y)).as_content_primitive() == \
        (1, (_keep_coeff(S(2), (3*x + 1)))**(2*y))
    assert (5 + 10*x + 2*y*(3 + 3*y)).as_content_primitive() == \
        (1, 10*x + 6*y*(y + 1) + 5)
    assert ((5*(x*(1 + y)) + 2*x*(3 + 3*y))).as_content_primitive() == \
        (11, x*(y + 1))
    assert ((5*(x*(1 + y)) + 2*x*(3 + 3*y))**2).as_content_primitive() == \
        (121, x**2*(y + 1)**2)
    assert (y**2).as_content_primitive() == \
        (1, y**2)
    assert (S.Infinity).as_content_primitive() == (1, oo)
    eq = x**(2 + y)
    assert (eq).as_content_primitive() == (1, eq)
    assert (S.Half**(2 + x)).as_content_primitive() == (S(1)/4, 2**-x)
    assert ((-S.Half)**(2 + x)).as_content_primitive() == \
           (S(1)/4, (-S.Half)**x)
    assert ((-S.Half)**(2 + x)).as_content_primitive() == \
           (S(1)/4, (-S.Half)**x)
    assert (4**((1 + y)/2)).as_content_primitive() == (2, 4**(y/2))
    assert (3**((1 + y)/2)).as_content_primitive() == \
           (1, 3**(Mul(S(1)/2, 1 + y, evaluate=False)))
    assert (5**(S(3)/4)).as_content_primitive() == (1, 5**(S(3)/4))
    assert (5**(S(7)/4)).as_content_primitive() == (5, 5**(S(3)/4))
    assert Add(5*z/7, 0.5*x, 3*y/2, evaluate=False).as_content_primitive() == \
              (S(1)/14, 7.0*x + 21*y + 10*z)
    assert (2**(S(3)/4) + 2**(S(1)/4)*sqrt(3)).as_content_primitive(radical=True) == \
           (1, 2**(S(1)/4)*(sqrt(2) + sqrt(3)))


def test_signsimp():
    e = x*(-x + 1) + x*(x - 1)
    assert signsimp(Eq(e, 0)) is S.true
    assert Abs(x - 1) == Abs(1 - x)


def test_besselsimp():
    from sympy import besselj, besseli, exp_polar, cosh, cosine_transform
    assert besselsimp(exp(-I*pi*y/2)*besseli(y, z*exp_polar(I*pi/2))) == \
        besselj(y, z)
    assert besselsimp(exp(-I*pi*a/2)*besseli(a, 2*sqrt(x)*exp_polar(I*pi/2))) == \
        besselj(a, 2*sqrt(x))
    assert besselsimp(sqrt(2)*sqrt(pi)*x**(S(1)/4)*exp(I*pi/4)*exp(-I*pi*a/2) *
                      besseli(-S(1)/2, sqrt(x)*exp_polar(I*pi/2)) *
                      besseli(a, sqrt(x)*exp_polar(I*pi/2))/2) == \
        besselj(a, sqrt(x)) * cos(sqrt(x))
    assert besselsimp(besseli(S(-1)/2, z)) == \
        sqrt(2)*cosh(z)/(sqrt(pi)*sqrt(z))
    assert besselsimp(besseli(a, z*exp_polar(-I*pi/2))) == \
        exp(-I*pi*a/2)*besselj(a, z)
    assert cosine_transform(1/t*sin(a/t), t, y) == \
        sqrt(2)*sqrt(pi)*besselj(0, 2*sqrt(a)*sqrt(y))/2


def test_Piecewise():
    e1 = x*(x + y) - y*(x + y)
    e2 = sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2
    e3 = expand((x + y)*y/x)
    s1 = simplify(e1)
    s2 = simplify(e2)
    s3 = simplify(e3)
    assert simplify(Piecewise((e1, x < e2), (e3, True))) == \
        Piecewise((s1, x < s2), (s3, True))


def test_polymorphism():
    class A(Basic):
        def _eval_simplify(x, **kwargs):
            return 1

    a = A(5, 2)
    assert simplify(a) == 1


def test_issue_from_PR1599():
    n1, n2, n3, n4 = symbols('n1 n2 n3 n4', negative=True)
    assert simplify(I*sqrt(n1)) == -sqrt(-n1)


def test_issue_6811():
    eq = (x + 2*y)*(2*x + 2)
    assert simplify(eq) == (x + 1)*(x + 2*y)*2
    # reject the 2-arg Mul -- these are a headache for test writing
    assert simplify(eq.expand()) == \
        2*x**2 + 4*x*y + 2*x + 4*y


def test_issue_6920():
    e = [cos(x) + I*sin(x), cos(x) - I*sin(x),
        cosh(x) - sinh(x), cosh(x) + sinh(x)]
    ok = [exp(I*x), exp(-I*x), exp(-x), exp(x)]
    # wrap in f to show that the change happens wherever ei occurs
    f = Function('f')
    assert [simplify(f(ei)).args[0] for ei in e] == ok


def test_issue_7001():
    from sympy.abc import r, R
    assert simplify(-(r*Piecewise((4*pi/3, r <= R),
        (-8*pi*R**3/(3*r**3), True)) + 2*Piecewise((4*pi*r/3, r <= R),
        (4*pi*R**3/(3*r**2), True)))/(4*pi*r)) == \
        Piecewise((-1, r <= R), (0, True))


def test_inequality_no_auto_simplify():
    # no simplify on creation but can be simplified
    lhs = cos(x)**2 + sin(x)**2
    rhs = 2;
    e = Lt(lhs, rhs)
    assert e == Lt(lhs, rhs, evaluate=False)
    assert simplify(e)


def test_issue_9398():
    from sympy import Number, cancel
    assert cancel(1e-14) != 0
    assert cancel(1e-14*I) != 0

    assert simplify(1e-14) != 0
    assert simplify(1e-14*I) != 0

    assert (I*Number(1.)*Number(10)**Number(-14)).simplify() != 0

    assert cancel(1e-20) != 0
    assert cancel(1e-20*I) != 0

    assert simplify(1e-20) != 0
    assert simplify(1e-20*I) != 0

    assert cancel(1e-100) != 0
    assert cancel(1e-100*I) != 0

    assert simplify(1e-100) != 0
    assert simplify(1e-100*I) != 0

    f = Float("1e-1000")
    assert cancel(f) != 0
    assert cancel(f*I) != 0

    assert simplify(f) != 0
    assert simplify(f*I) != 0


def test_issue_9324_simplify():
    M = MatrixSymbol('M', 10, 10)
    e = M[0, 0] + M[5, 4] + 1304
    assert simplify(e) == e


def test_simplify_function_inverse():
    x, y = symbols('x, y')
    g = Function('g')

    class f(Function):
        def inverse(self, argindex=1):
            return g

    assert simplify(f(g(x))) == x
    assert simplify(f(g(sin(x)**2 + cos(x)**2))) == 1
    assert simplify(f(g(x, y))) == f(g(x, y))
