;;;; This file contains implementation-dependent parts of the type
;;;; support code. This is stuff which deals with the mapping from
;;;; types defined in Common Lisp to types actually supported by an
;;;; implementation.

;;;; This software is part of the SBCL system. See the README file for
;;;; more information.
;;;;
;;;; This software is derived from the CMU CL system, which was
;;;; written at Carnegie Mellon University and released into the
;;;; public domain. The software is in the public domain and is
;;;; provided with absolutely no warranty. See the COPYING and CREDITS
;;;; files for more information.

(in-package "SB!KERNEL")

;;;; implementation-dependent DEFTYPEs

;;; Make DOUBLE-FLOAT a synonym for LONG-FLOAT, SINGLE-FLOAT for
;;; SHORT-FLOAT. This is done by way of an "expander", not a "translator".
;;; !PRECOMPUTE-TYPES will turn their :TYPE :KIND into :PRIMITIVE
;;; in the target image so that they become not redefinable.
(sb!xc:deftype long-float (&optional low high) `(double-float ,low ,high))
(sb!xc:deftype short-float (&optional low high) `(single-float ,low ,high))

;;; worst-case values for float attributes
(sb!xc:deftype float-exponent ()
  #!-long-float 'double-float-exponent
  #!+long-float 'long-float-exponent)
(sb!xc:deftype float-digits ()
  #!-long-float `(integer 0 ,sb!vm:double-float-digits)
  #!+long-float `(integer 0 ,sb!vm:long-float-digits))
(sb!xc:deftype float-radix () '(integer 2 2))
(sb!xc:deftype float-int-exponent ()
  #!-long-float 'double-float-int-exponent
  #!+long-float 'long-float-int-exponent)

;;; a code for BOOLE
(sb!xc:deftype boole-code () '(unsigned-byte 4))

;;; a byte specifier (as generated by BYTE)
(sb!xc:deftype byte-specifier () 'cons)

;;; result of CHAR-INT
(sb!xc:deftype char-int () 'char-code)

;;; PATHNAME pieces, as returned by the PATHNAME-xxx functions
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-host () '(or sb!impl::host null))
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-device ()
  '(or simple-string (member nil :unspecific :unc)))
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-directory () 'list)
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-name ()
  '(or simple-string sb!impl::pattern (member nil :unspecific :wild)))
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-type ()
  '(or simple-string sb!impl::pattern (member nil :unspecific :wild)))
(sb!xc:deftype pathname-version ()
  '(or integer (member nil :newest :wild :unspecific)))

;;; Internal time format.
;;; 62 bits should give
;;; one hundred forty-six million one hundred thirty-five thousand five hundred twenty years of runtime
;;; It's dangerous to run SBCL for that long without updating.
;;; And it'll be a fixnum on 64-bit targets.
;;; The result from querying get-internal-run-time with multiple cores
;;; running full tilt will exhaust this faster, but it's still plenty enough.
(sb!xc:deftype internal-time () '(unsigned-byte 62))
(sb!xc:deftype internal-seconds ()
  '(unsigned-byte
    #.(- 62 (floor (log sb!xc:internal-time-units-per-second 2)))))

(sb!xc:deftype bignum-element-type () 'sb!vm:word)
;;; FIXME: see also DEFCONSTANT MAXIMUM-BIGNUM-LENGTH in
;;; src/code/bignum.lisp.  -- CSR, 2004-07-19
(sb!xc:deftype bignum-index ()
  '(mod #.(1- (ash 1 (- sb!vm:n-word-bits sb!vm:n-widetag-bits)))))
(sb!xc:deftype bignum-length ()
  '(unsigned-byte #.(- sb!vm:n-word-bits sb!vm:n-widetag-bits)))

;;; an index into an integer
(sb!xc:deftype bit-index ()
  `(integer 0 #.(* (1- (ash 1 (- sb!vm:n-word-bits sb!vm:n-widetag-bits)))
                   sb!vm:n-word-bits)))


;;;; hooks into the type system

(sb!xc:deftype unboxed-array (&optional dims)
  (collect ((types (list 'or)))
    (dolist (type *specialized-array-element-types*)
      (when (subtypep type '(or integer character float (complex float)))
        (types `(array ,type ,dims))))
    (types)))

(sb!xc:deftype simple-unboxed-array (&optional dims)
  (collect ((types (list 'or)))
    (dolist (type *specialized-array-element-types*)
      (when (subtypep type '(or integer character float (complex float)))
        (types `(simple-array ,type ,dims))))
    (types)))

(sb!xc:deftype complex-vector (&optional element-type length)
  `(and (vector ,element-type ,length) (not simple-array)))

;;; Return the symbol that describes the format of FLOAT.
(declaim (ftype (function (float) symbol) float-format-name))
(defun float-format-name (x)
  (etypecase x
    (single-float 'single-float)
    (double-float 'double-float)
    #!+long-float (long-float 'long-float)))

(declaim (ftype (sfunction (ctype) ctype) %upgraded-array-element-type))
(defun %upgraded-array-element-type (eltype)
  (if (or (eq eltype *wild-type*)
          ;; This is slightly dubious, but not as dubious as
          ;; assuming that the upgraded-element-type should be
          ;; equal to T, given the way that the AREF
          ;; DERIVE-TYPE optimizer works.  -- CSR, 2002-08-19
          (contains-unknown-type-p eltype))
      *wild-type*
      (dovector (stype
                 (literal-ctype-vector *parsed-specialized-array-element-types*)
                 *universal-type*)
       (when (csubtypep eltype stype)
         (return stype)))))

(defun sb!xc:upgraded-array-element-type (spec &optional environment)
  #!+sb-doc
  "Return the element type that will actually be used to implement an array
   with the specifier :ELEMENT-TYPE Spec."
  (declare (type lexenv-designator environment) (ignore environment))
  (declare (explicit-check))
  (let ((type (type-or-nil-if-unknown spec)))
    (cond ((not type)
           ;; What about a FUNCTION-TYPE - would (FUNCTION (UNKNOWN) UNKNOWN)
           ;; upgrade to T? Well, it's still ok to say it's an error.
           (error "Undefined type: ~S" spec))
          (t
           (type-specifier (%upgraded-array-element-type type))))))

(defun sb!xc:upgraded-complex-part-type (spec &optional environment)
  #!+sb-doc
  "Return the element type of the most specialized COMPLEX number type that
   can hold parts of type SPEC."
  (declare (type lexenv-designator environment) (ignore environment))
  (declare (explicit-check))
  (let ((type (type-or-nil-if-unknown spec)))
    (cond
      ((eq type *empty-type*) nil)
      ((not type) (error "Undefined type: ~S" spec))
      (t
       (let ((ctype (specifier-type `(complex ,spec))))
         (cond
           ((eq ctype *empty-type*) '(eql 0))
           ((csubtypep ctype (specifier-type '(complex single-float)))
            'single-float)
           ((csubtypep ctype (specifier-type '(complex double-float)))
            'double-float)
           #!+long-float
           ((csubtypep ctype (specifier-type '(complex long-float)))
            'long-float)
           ((csubtypep ctype (specifier-type '(complex rational)))
            'rational)
           (t 'real)))))))

;;; Return the most specific integer type that can be quickly checked that
;;; includes the given type.
(defun containing-integer-type (subtype)
  (dolist (type `(fixnum
                  (signed-byte ,sb!vm:n-word-bits)
                  (unsigned-byte ,sb!vm:n-word-bits)
                  integer)
                (error "~S isn't an integer type?" subtype))
    (when (csubtypep subtype (specifier-type type))
      (return type))))

;; Given a union type INPUT, see if it fully covers an ARRAY-* type,
;; and unite into that when possible, taking care to handle more
;; than one dimensionality/complexity of array, and non-array types.
;; If FOR-TYPEP is true, then:
;;  - The input and result are lists of the component types.
;;  - We allow "almost coverings" of ARRAY-* to produce an answer
;;    that results in a quicker test.
;;    e.g. unboxed-array = (and array (not (array t)))
;; Otherwise, if not FOR-TYPEP, the input/result are CTYPES,
;; and we don't introduce negations into the union.
;;
;; Note that in FOR-TYPEP usage, this function should get a chance to see
;; the whole union before WIDETAGS-FROM-UNION-TYPE has removed any types that
;; are testable by their widetag. Otherwise (TYPEP X '(UNBOXED-ARRAY 1))
;; becomes suboptimal. WIDETAGS-FROM-UNION-TYPE knows that strings/bit-vectors,
;; either simple or hairy, all have distinguishing widetags, so if it sees
;; them, reducing to (OR (%OTHER-POINTER-SUBTYPE-P ...) <more-array-types>),
;; the other array-types will not comprise an "almost covering" of ARRAY-*
;; and this code will not do what you want.
;; Additionally, as part of the contract, we don't create a type-difference
;; for a union all of whose types are testable by widetags.
;; e.g. it would be suboptimal to rewrite
;;  (SIMPLE-UNBOXED-ARRAY (*)) -> (AND (SIMPLE-ARRAY * (*)) (NOT (ARRAY T)))
;; because it always better to use %OTHER-POINTER-SUBTYPE-P in that case.

(defun simplify-array-unions (input &optional for-typep)
  (let* ((array-props sb!vm:*specialized-array-element-type-properties*)
         (types (if (listp input) input (union-type-types input)))
         (full-mask (1- (ash 1 (length array-props))))
         buckets output)
    ;; KLUDGE: counting the input types is a fine preliminary check
    ;; to avoid extra work, but importantly it (magically) bypasses all
    ;; this logic during cold-init when CTYPE slots of all SAETPs are nil.
    ;; SBCL sources mostly don't contain type expressions that benefit
    ;; from this transform.
    ;; If, in the not-for-typep case, there aren't at least as many
    ;; array types as SAETPs, there can't be a covering.
    ;; In the for-typep case, if there aren't at least half as many,
    ;; then it couldn't be rewritten as negation.
    ;; Uber-KLUDGE: using (length types) isn't enough to make the
    ;; not-for-typep case make it all the way through cold-init.
    (when (if for-typep
              (< (length types) (floor (length array-props) 2))
              (< (count-if #'array-type-p types) (length array-props)))
      (return-from simplify-array-unions input))
    (flet ((bucket-match-p (a b)
             (and (eq (array-type-complexp a) (array-type-complexp b))
                  (equal (array-type-dimensions a) (array-type-dimensions b))))
           (saetp-index (type)
             (and (array-type-p type)
                  (neq (array-type-specialized-element-type type) *wild-type*)
                  (position (array-type-specialized-element-type type) array-props
                            :key #'sb!vm:saetp-ctype :test #'type=)))
           (wild (type)
             (make-array-type (array-type-dimensions type)
                              :element-type *wild-type*
                              :complexp (array-type-complexp type))))
      ;; Bucket the array types by <dimensions,complexp> where each bucket
      ;; tracks which SAETPs were seen.
      ;; Search actual element types by TYPE=, not upgraded types, so that the
      ;; transform into (ARRAY *) is not lossy. However, if uniting does occur
      ;; and the resultant OR still contains any array type that upgrades to T,
      ;; we might want to do yet another reduction because:
      ;; (SPECIFIER-TYPE '(OR (VECTOR *) (VECTOR BAD))) => #<ARRAY-TYPE VECTOR>
      (dolist (type types)
        (binding* ((bit (saetp-index type) :exit-if-null)
                   (bucket (assoc type buckets :test #'bucket-match-p)))
          (unless bucket
            (push (setq bucket (cons type full-mask)) buckets))
          ;; Each _missing_ type is represented by a '1' bit so that
          ;; a final mask of 0 indicates an exhaustive partitioning.
          ;; (SETF LOGBITP) would work for us, but CLHS doesn't require it.
          (setf (cdr bucket) (logandc2 (cdr bucket) (ash 1 bit)))))
      (cond
        (for-typep
         ;; Maybe compute the complement with respect to (ARRAY *)
         ;; but never express unions of simple-rank-1 as a type-difference,
         ;; because widetag testing of those is better.
         (dolist (type types (nreverse output))
           (let* ((bucket
                   (and (saetp-index type)
                        (or (array-type-complexp type)
                            (not (equal (array-type-dimensions type) '(*))))
                        (assoc type buckets :test #'bucket-match-p)))
                  (disjunct
                   (cond ((and bucket
                               (plusp (cdr bucket))
                               (< (logcount (cdr bucket))
                                  (floor (length array-props) 2)))
                          (let (exclude)
                            (dotimes (i (length array-props))
                              (when (logbitp i (cdr bucket)) ; exclude it
                                (push (sb!vm:saetp-specifier
                                       (svref array-props i)) exclude)))
                            (setf (cdr bucket) -1) ; mark as generated
                            (specifier-type
                             `(and ,(type-specifier (wild type))
                                   ,@(mapcar (lambda (x) `(not (array ,x)))
                                             exclude)))))
                         ((not (eql (cdr bucket) -1))
                          ;; noncanonical input is a bug,
                          ;; so assert that bucket is not full.
                          (aver (not (eql (cdr bucket) 0)))
                          type)))) ; keep
             (when disjunct
               (push disjunct output)))))
        ((rassoc 0 buckets) ; at least one full bucket
         ;; For each input type subsumed by a full bucket,
         ;; insert the wild array type for that bucket.
         (dolist (type types (apply #'type-union (nreverse output)))
           (let* ((bucket (and (saetp-index type)
                               (assoc type buckets :test #'bucket-match-p)))
                  (disjunct (cond ((eql (cdr bucket) 0) ; bucket is full
                                   (setf (cdr bucket) -1) ; mark as generated
                                   (wild type))
                                  ((not (eql (cdr bucket) -1))
                                   type)))) ; keep
             (when disjunct
               (push disjunct output)))))
        (t input))))) ; no change

;; Given TYPES which is a list of types from a union type, decompose into
;; two unions, one being an OR over types representable as widetags
;; with other-pointer-lowtag, and the other being the difference
;; between the input TYPES and the widetags.
;; This is architecture-independent, but unfortunately the needed VOP can't
;; be defined using DEFINE-TYPE-VOPS, so return (VALUES NIL TYPES) for
;; unsupported backends which can't generate an arbitrary call to %TEST-HEADERS.
(defun widetags-from-union-type (types)
  (setq types (simplify-array-unions types t))
  ;; This seems preferable to a reader-conditional in generic code.
  ;; There is a unit test that the supported architectures don't generate
  ;; excessively large code, so hopefully it'll not get broken.
  (let ((info (info :function :info '%other-pointer-subtype-p)))
    (unless (and info (sb!c::fun-info-templates info))
      (return-from widetags-from-union-type (values nil types))))
  (let (widetags remainder)
    (dolist (x types)
      (let ((adjunct
             (cond
               ((and (array-type-p x)
                     (equal (array-type-dimensions x) '(*))
                     (type= (array-type-specialized-element-type x)
                            (array-type-element-type x)))
                (if (eq (array-type-specialized-element-type x) *wild-type*)
                    ;; could be done, but probably no merit to implementing
                    ;; maybe/definitely-complex wild-type.
                    (unless (array-type-complexp x)
                      (map 'list #'sb!vm::saetp-typecode
                           sb!vm:*specialized-array-element-type-properties*))
                    (let ((saetp
                           (find
                            (array-type-element-type x)
                            sb!vm:*specialized-array-element-type-properties*
                            :key #'sb!vm:saetp-ctype :test #'type=)))
                      (cond ((not (array-type-complexp x))
                             (sb!vm:saetp-typecode saetp))
                            ((sb!vm:saetp-complex-typecode saetp)
                             (list* (sb!vm:saetp-complex-typecode saetp)
                                    (when (eq (array-type-complexp x) :maybe)
                                      (list (sb!vm:saetp-typecode saetp)))))))))
               ((classoid-p x)
                (case (classoid-name x)
                  (symbol sb!vm:symbol-header-widetag) ; plus a hack for nil
                  (system-area-pointer sb!vm:sap-widetag))))))
        (cond ((not adjunct) (push x remainder))
              ((listp adjunct) (setq widetags (nconc adjunct widetags)))
              (t (push adjunct widetags)))))
    (let ((remainder (nreverse remainder)))
      (when (member sb!vm:symbol-header-widetag widetags)
        ;; If symbol is the only widetag-testable type, it's better
        ;; to just use symbolp. e.g. (OR SYMBOL CHARACTER) should not
        ;; become (OR (%OTHER-POINTER-SUBTYPE-P ...)
        (when (null (rest widetags))
          (return-from widetags-from-union-type (values nil types)))
        ;; Manipulate 'remainder' to include NULL since NIL's lowtag
        ;; isn't other-pointer.
        (let ((null-type (specifier-type 'null)))
          (unless (member null-type remainder :test #'csubtypep)
            (push null-type remainder))))
      (values widetags remainder))))
